Micro-ecological Structure of the Mediterranean Islands : On Methods and Perspectives for the "Sea-Area" Study

我们通过研究伊比沙岛（西班牙）、马耳他岛（马耳他）、纳克索斯岛（希腊）和绿洲村（埃及）的社会经济活动现状，重新考虑了“海域”研究的方法和观点。研究的主要方面有：(1)各海岛的微生态结构；(2)中小企业经济活动的规模与形成，重点研究了中小企业在1978年以后的经济转型，本课题组对此进行了借鉴研究；(3)每个岛屿在其与邻近岛屿以及与主要陆地的网络中所发挥的社会经济作用；（四）各社会在其所属国民经济中的地位；(5)离岛移民的程度。我们从统计数据、访谈和任何其他可用信息中收集并分析了相关数据。研究结果表明：(1)20世纪70年代以后，旅游业的发展加速了海岛经济的变化；(2)在这种情况下也发生了迁出和迁入，即在短期人口衰退之后，我们可以看到样本村庄在20世纪80年代的居住略有增长。在研究方法方面，除了查阅有关文件和统计数据外，我们还成功地采访了我们的举报人，他们是岛民和来自岛屿的移民。虽然研究的可能性根据岛屿的情况而有所不同，但我们可以认识到类似的调查。我们定期收集一桥大学的研究结果，其中一部分发表在2008年6月出版的《地中海世界19》上。

We reconsidered methods and perspectives for the "Sea-Area" Study, by researching the current situations of socio-economic activities in Ibiza(Spain), Malta(Malta), Naxos(Greece)and Oasis Villages(Egypt).Main aspects of our research were (1) Micro-ecological structure of each island ; (2)Scale and formation of their economic activities, focusing on their transformation after 1978, when our group have made a referent research ; (3)the socio-economic role which each island have played in their network with neighboring islands as well as with main lands ; (4) the position of each society in the National Economy in which it belongs ; (5) the extent of emigration from the islands.We collected and analyzed the relevant data from statistics, interviews and any other available information. The results of our research includes the following : (1) the change of Island economy may have been accelerated by the expansion of tourism after 1970s ; (2) Emigration and immigration have also occurred in this circumstances, that is, after the short-term demographic recession, we could see a slight growth of dwelling in sample villages during the 1980s.As for the methodology of research, we successfully interviewed our informants, who are islanders as well as emigrants from the islands, besides inspection of the relevant documents as well as statistical data. Although the possibilities of research vary according the situation of island, we could recognize a similar investigation.We collected the results of research periodically at Hitotsubashi University, a part of which was published in our "Mediterranean World 19" issued in June 2008.