Bio-processing of preservative-treated timbers with biodegrading agents and new energy oplions

1.防腐剂处理木材的生物处理评价了各种木材腐烂真菌、霉菌和染色真菌对防腐剂处理木材的生物修复活性。处理过的木材中金属的回收率因真菌种类不同而有很大差异。非生物制剂甲壳素和壳聚糖也被发现是有效的重金属清除剂2。利用白蚁高效产气，通过食物选择和抗生素处理，探索出了调节肠道微生物区系的有效方法。以台湾乳白蚁为例，以抗生素处理的纤维素为食时，最大的112排放速率为17.5nmol/白蚁/h，相当于10L/100万种群/天。此外，木聚糖能有效地被塔卡戈纳白蚁的肠道菌群悬浮发酵，释放的氢气是完整白蚁的100倍。白蚁和真菌的沼气作为检测各种气体传感器的工具，对它们作为检测生物恶化的工具的适用性进行了评估。氢传感器被发现是监测白蚁活动的有效工具，用于诱饵系统的监测站。还观察到一些腐烂真菌释放出相当数量的CO作为代谢气体，这可能是腐烂的一个指示物。微生物对木材和木质材料的有效生物转化白腐真菌平菇通过同源表达其多功能过氧化物酶MnP2进行分子育种，并成功地降解了聚合物染料PolyR-478和苯并苯。采用白腐菌对柳杉进行前处理，然后进行酵母发酵，可稳定生产酒精。

1. Bio-processing of preservative-treated timbers Various wood-decaying fungi, molds and staining fungi were evaluated for their bioremediation activities against preservative-treated timbers. Recovery rates of metals from the treated timbers strongly varied with fungal species. Non-biological agents, chitin and chitosan were also found to be effective heavy-metal scavengers2. Effective production of biogases with termites Effective methods for regulating intestinal micro-fauna and/or -flora were developed by food selection and the antibiotics treatments. In the case of Coptotermes formosanus, the maximum 112 emission rate of 17.5 nmol/termite/h, which is equal to 10L/one million population colony/day, was obtained when fed on antibiotics-treated cellulose. In addition, xylan was effectively fermented by the suspension of the intestinal micro-flora of Nasutitermes takasagoensis, emitting 100 times higher H2 than in intact termites.3. Biogases from termites and fungi as tools for detection Various gas sensors were evaluated for their applicability as tools for detection of biological deterioration. The hydrogen sensor was found to be an effective tool to detect termite activities in the monitoring station used for the bait system. Some decay fungi were also observed to emit considerable amount of CO as a metabolic gas, which might be used as an indicator of decay.4. The effective bioconversion of wood and wood-based materials by microorganisms Molecular breeding of the white rot fungus, Pleurotus ostreatus, by homologous exression of its versatile peroxidase MnP2 was conduced, and the genetically modified strain successfully degraded the polymeric dye PolyR-478 and benzopyrene. The pretreatment of Cryptomeria japonica by white rot fungi followed by the yeast fermentation resulted in the stable ethanol production