Planning, controlling and optimizing reproduction in the horizon of the good life

对许多人来说，生孩子和组建家庭是美好生活的一个重要方面。虽然几个世纪以来，中年生育的时间限制被认为是理所当然的，至少对妇女来说，但在现代医学创新，特别是生殖医学创新的帮助下，这一生命阶段似乎成为规划、控制和优化的对象。谚语中的“生物钟”，也就是说，可以停止，繁殖可以在时间上更有活力。生殖医学提供了广泛的技术，如体外受精，特别是通过精子和卵子捐赠的生殖，配子的冷冻保存，怀孕前，植入前和产前诊断，最后但并非最不重要的堕胎和避孕。这些技术使干预人类生殖的时间成为可能，使生殖更具可预测性和可控性，从而可以进行时间优化。潜在的是隐性或显性的规范性概念的美好生活和适当的时间性，其中，到目前为止，已收到相对较少的反映在医学伦理辩论。根据以经验为依据的道德操守方法，并与其他分项目，特别是SP 3密切交流（心理心脏病学）和SP 4（社会学/社会心理学），该研究项目将研究有时戏剧性的时间扭曲和变化，一方面在生活过程中，另一方面的规划和优化工作，其各自的影响共同的概念的美好生活，并从道德的角度来评估它们。

For many, having children and starting a family is an essential aspect of the good life. While, for centuries, the temporal limitation of reproduction in middle age was taken for granted, at least for women, this phase of life seems to become an object of planning, control and optimization by the help of modern medical innovations and especially those by reproductive medicine. The proverbial "biological clock", so the promise goes, could be stopped, reproduction could be made more dynamic in time. Reproductive medicine offers a wide range of techniques such as in-vitro fertilization, especially reproduction by means of sperm and egg donation, the cryopreservation of gametes, pre-conceptual, pre-implantation and prenatal diagnostics, and last but not least abortion and contraception. These techniques make it possible to intervene in the timing of human reproduction, rendering reproduction more predictable and controllable, and thus accessible to temporal optimisation. Underlying are implicit or explicit normative concepts of the good life and appropriate temporality, which, so far, have received comparatively little reflection in medical ethical debates. Based on the methodology of empirically informed ethics and in close exchange with the other subprojects, especially SP 3 (Psychocardiology) and SP 4 (Sociology/Social Psychology), the research project will examine the sometimes dramatic temporal distortions and shifts in the life course on one hand and the planning and optimization efforts on the other hand, with their respective effects on common notions of the good life, and evaluate them from an ethical perspective.