Study of Active Phenomena in the Solar Chromosphere and Corona using High-Speed Microlens-Array Spectrograph

在扩展的二维场中产生每个空间元素的光谱的技术称为三维光谱学（二维空间和一维波长）。本研究首次实现了太阳三维光谱，并将其应用于太阳活动现象的观测。该技术已经应用于夜间观测，但由于小视场、空间和光谱分辨率的限制，尚未应用于太阳观测。在这项研究中，我们可以克服这些问题，利用大口径微透镜阵列，我们找到了优化这些观测参数的解决方案。我们展示了这种技术在局部和瞬态太阳表面现象（如耀斑）研究中的科学优势，因为来自结构的全部范围的光同时被采样。该技术还具有将其纳入高分辨率成像技术（如自适应光学或事后图像处理）和容易纳入偏振观测的优点。此外，(1)我们可以完全利用现有的望远镜-光谱仪系统，简单地用微透镜阵列代替狭缝，并插入一些光学元件。(2)该技术的数据既可以进行单色图像分析，也可以在二维场中进行云模型拟合等线轮廓分析。

A technique to produce a spectrum of each spatial elements in an extended, two-dimensional field is called tridimensional spectroscopy (two dimension in space and one in wavelength). This research has realized, for the first time, solar tridimensional spectroscopy and applied it for the observations of solar active phenomena. The technique was already applied for the night time observations, but, not for the solar observations because of limitation in small field of view, spatial and spectral resolution. In this research, we could overcome the problems, using large format microlens-array with which we found the solution optimizing Those observing parametars. We showed that the scientific advantages of this technique for studies of localized and transient solar surface phenomena such as flares, because light from the full extent of the structures is sampled simultaneously. The technique has also advantages in being incorporated into high resolution imaging techniques such as adaptive optics or post-facto image processing, and into polarimetric observations easily. In addition, (1) It was shown that we can totally use existing telescope-spectrograph system, simply replacing a slit with the microlens-array and inserting a few optical componentents. (2) Data from this technique can make both monochromatic images and line profile analyses such as the cloud model fitting in two-dimensional field.