OBSERVATIONS AND MODELS FOR OCEAN FORECASTING OF MARGINAL SEAS

联合国教科文组织政府间海洋学委员会(IOC)在1992年联合国环境与发展公约期间提出建立全球海洋观测系统(GOOS)。全球海洋观测系统有五个模块：气候、海洋健康、海洋生物资源、沿海地区管理和海洋服务。全球海洋观测系统的目标是在业务模式下实现海洋预报。国际奥委会西太平洋分委员会于1997年启动了一个地区性项目--东北亚近海海洋观测系统，以实时方式收集日本海、黄海和东中国海的海洋数据。日本、韩国、中国和俄罗斯联邦四国在该海域进行观测，但数据在18个月内交换。数据的延迟给海洋预报带来了困难。在Near-GOOS中，数据由世界气象组织全球传输系统报告，其中一些数据通过互联网报告给数据库。我们从事的是优先领域(B)的科学研究，即用于海洋预报的边缘海监测的物理、化学和生物研究，旨在通过观测边缘海的温度、盐度、洋流、水位、化学物质和浮游生物丰度来预测海况。本研究旨在促进数据交换，海洋观测的合作，并为全球计划提出建议。调查人员被派往俄罗斯联邦、中国、韩国、菲律宾等国促进数据交流。来自菲律宾、韩国、台湾和俄罗斯的科学家应邀合作通过海底电缆进行海流测量。日本成员参加了GOOS的各种会议。国际海洋研究机构正在合作建立GOOS，并在圣保罗大学斯克里普斯研究所举行了POGO。研究成果发表在期刊上，并用于优先领域的科学研究(B)。

Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC), UNESCO, proposed to construct Global Ocean Observing System, GOOS, during the United Nations Convention on Environment and Development in 1992. GOOS has five modules : climate, health of the ocean, living marine resources, coastal area management, and ocean service. GOOS aims to realize ocean forecasting in the operational mode. Sub-commission for the Western Pacific, of IOC, started in 1997 a regional project North East Asia, NEAR-GOOS, to collect ocean data in Japan Sea, Yellow Sea, and East China Sea by a real time mode. The four countries, Japan, Korea, China and Russian Federation, observe in the sea area, but the data are exchanged within 18 months. The data delay causes difficulty for the ocean forecasting. In NEAR-GOOS, the data are reported by Global Transmission System of WMO, and some of them are reported to the database through the internet. We are engaged with Scientific Research of Priority Area (B), Physical, chemical and biological studies on monitoring of marginal seas for ocean forecasting, which aims to forecasting of sea conditions by observation of temperature, salinity, currents, water level, chemical substances and plankton abundance in the marginal seas.The present study aims for promotion of data exchange, cooperation of ocean observation, and proposal for the global program. The investigators were dispatched to Russian Federation, China, Korea, Philippine for the promotion of data exchange. Scientists were invited from Philippine, Korea, Taiwan, and Russia to cooperate current measurements by submarine cables. Japanese members attended various meetings of the GOOS.International ocean reserach institutes are cooperating to establish GOOS, and there held POGO at Scripps Institution, Sao Paul University. The results of the research are printed in journals, and they are used for the Scientific Research of Priority Area (B).