Study on Interoperability of Materials Information

从材料分类、属性类别和应用领域三个方面对世界材料数据库进行了研究，并建立了网页。介绍了ASTM、NIST、MPDS等学会开发的材料数据库的数据模型，用一套材料本体、元数据和XML描述材料，并比较了它们在材料设计和开发等应用中的可移植性和互操作性。介绍了4个基本观点，即(1)从同位素比例到零件形状的结构方面，(2)从固体物理到数据科学的建模方面，(3)材料在不同应用中的行为；(4)每组原始数据的数据描述模型。基于弥合需求和种子之间的差距的设计理论，对已有的多尺度建模和多原理建模方法进行了评析，以探索解决方案的新维度。本研究的结论是，传统的互操作性共识--将一种交换格式转化为一套材料元描述，以集成不同的材料数据库--演变为不同学科和方法组织的数据库的动态链接。面向对象和面向数据的方法是“互操作性”的下一个目标，以解决由域差异引起的问题。

A Study on materials databases in the world has been carried out with respect to materials classification, property category and application field, and a webpage was built. Data models of materials data bases developed by ASTM, NIST, MPDS and other academic societies were described by a set of ontology, metadata and XML for materials, and compared with respects to portability and interoperability for such applications as further materials design and developments.Four basic viewpoints were introduced, namely,(1) structural aspects from isotope ratio to shape of part, (2) modeling aspects from solid state physics to data science, (3) behaviors of materials in different applications and (4) data description models for each set of raw data.Multi-scale modeling and multi-principle modeling approaches which had been carried out before have been critically reviewed on the basis of design theory-bridging gaps between needs and seeds, so as to explore new dimensions for solutions.As a conclusion of this study, the traditional common understanding on interoperability-an exchange format into a set of meta descriptions on materials to integrate different materials database, has been evolved into dynamic linkages of databases organized by different disciplines and approaches. Object and data oriented approaches are the next target of "interoperability" so as to solve problems due to domain differentiations.