A study on use of phytoinformation for diagnosis and plant management in greenhouses

我们开发了一种新的图像分析系统，能够定量分析叶绿素a荧光的两个方面：1)用诱导法分析叶绿素荧光在暗-光转换过程中的强度变化，2)用饱和脉冲法分析叶绿素荧光的猝灭。利用该系统分析了不同除草剂对菜豆叶片光合活性的影响。利用扩散孔隙度仪测定气孔导度和同化速率。结果表明，两种荧光检测方法均能检测到除草剂对植物的光合作用。这些损伤还可以通过气孔导度和同化速率的降低来检测。感应法获得的信息对于确定除草剂对电子传递系统的破坏位点是有效的。饱和脉冲法比诱导法更能定量地分析光合损伤。然而，饱和脉冲法需要均匀分布的高水平光合有效辐射（PAR），难以适用于大叶面积。相比之下，感应法不需要如此高的PAR水平进行测量，并且更容易用于大叶面积。因此，同时使用饱和脉冲法和诱导法可以详细诊断光合系统的损伤。

We have developed a new image analysis system, capable of quantitative analysis of two aspect of chlorophyll a fluorescence: i ) the changes in intensity of chlorophyll fluorescence during dark-light transitions by the induction method, and ii ) the chlorophyll fluorescence quenching by the saturation pulse method. With this system we analyzed the effects of an herbicide on the photosynthetic activity of Phaseolus vulgaris L. leaves. Furthermore, stomatal conductance and assimilation rate were measured with a diffusion porometer.Results showed that the photosynthetic injuries caused by the herbicide were detected by both fluorescence measurement methods. These injuries were also detected with the porometer as a decrease in stomatal conductance and assimilation rate. Information obtained by the induction method was effective for determining the site in the electron transport system which was damaged by the herbicide. The saturation pulse method could analyze the photosynthetic injuries more quantitatively than the induction method. However, the saturation pulse method required an evenly distributed high level of photosynthetic active radiation (PAR), which makes it difficult to apply to a large leaf area. In contrast, the induction method did not require such a high level of PAR for measurements, and was easier to use for a large leaf area. Consequently, simultaneous use of the saturation pulse method and the induction method enables detailed diagnosis of injuries of the photosynthetic system.