Research on clarification and the developments of anti-stress resources for employee's mental health and energies improvement

本研究的目的在于找出员工感受到的工作压力的内容，明确有助于有效应对的抗压力资源。本研究主要由三部分组成。在第一阶段，720名员工完成了问卷调查，问卷内容包括员工感受到的压力、工作情况和自我因素等，其中23人接受了深度访谈，从职业发展的角度确定了面对工作管理的应对策略。其次，通过访谈(40人)和问卷调查(341人)，确定了企业家的人格特征与其自身因素对能量和成就感的影响。最后，设计了两个实验，以阐明参与抗压力资源的个人因素和心理因素。实验一证明，防御性悲观作为一种认知应对方式，对焦虑的降低和良好的任务绩效起着有效的作用。实验二通过检测心血管系统反应来验证积极情绪对应激反应所影响的ANS活动平衡的破坏作用。结果表明，保持健康习惯、积极的自我因素(真实性、希望和肯定的情感等)和积极的应对是有效的资源，是抗压力的资源。此外，有效的认知应对策略(即防御性悲观)可以缓解压力情境中的负面影响。

The purpose of this research is to identify the contents of job stress perceived by employees, and to clarify the anti-stress resources which help to cope with effectively. The research consisted of mainly three parts. At first stage, 720 employees had completed the questionnaire facets that asked the stress perceived by employees, the work situation and the self-factors, etc., then 23 people among them followed the in-depth interview which identified the coping strategy in face with job management from the viewpoint of career development. Secondly, the interview(40 people) and the questionnaire(341 responds) were conducted to identify the personality characteristics of entrepreneurs related to their self-factors that influenced on the energies and the sense of success. Finally, two experiments were programmed to clarify personal and psychological factors taking part in the anti-stress resources. In experiment 1, it was proven that defensive pessimism as a cognitive coping functioned effectively about the anxiety reduction and good task performance. In experiment 2, cardiovascular system reaction was examined to verify the undoing effect of positive emotion recovering the ANS activity balance influenced by stress reaction. From those results, it was revealed that the maintain of healthy habits, positive self-factors (authenticity, hope and affirmative feelings and others) and positive copings were effective resources as the anti-stress resource. In addition, it is suggested that effective cognitive coping strategy (i.e.,defensive pessimism) eases the negative influence in the stressful situation.