アジア太平洋地域における「移動する人々」に関する総合的研究 [General research on migrants in the Asia Pacific region]

这项研究的目的是概述亚太地区最近和当代的移徙模式。报告涉及(1)亚太区域的移民模式和进程，包括劳动力迁移模式的演变、向城市的迁移、人口减少对该区域较富裕国家农村地区的影响，以及教育的影响。(2)移民社区的形成。在这里，我们调查了多元文化主义的模式以及民族社区和身份的形成，并详细研究了新加坡的泰米尔人和马来西亚的华人。移民的人权，包括关于外国人在日本的权利的宪法辩论，以及该区域少数群体的法律和政治地位。(4)移民的政治背景，在该地区的国际关系方面，主要集中在中国和台湾，以及台湾地位政治争端对两者之间的工人、游客和资本投资流动的潜在影响。(5)移民在历史和文学中的表现。在这里，我们考虑了亚洲人到澳大利亚和美国的运动，白话文学在散居海外的社区中的发展，比如新加坡的泰米尔人，以及昭和时期日本作家出国旅行的经历。我们的研究表明：(A)在研究移徙问题时必须使用多种方法，包括宏观和微观两个层面；(B)新的运输和信息技术的影响；(C)该区域各国在人口增长和下降模式方面日益两极分化的结果，以及它们在全球体系中的相对繁荣。

The aim of this research was to provide an overview of recent and contemporary patterns of migration in the Asia Pacific region. It covered (1) Patterns and processes of immigration in the Asia Pacific region, including evolving patterns of labor migration, the movement to cities, the effects of population decline on the rural areas in the wealthier countries of the region, and the impact of education. (2) The formation of migrant communities. Here we investigated patterns of multiculturalism and the formation ofethnic communities and identity, with detailed studies of the Tamils in Singapore and the Chinese in Malaysia. (3) The human rights of migrants, including the constitutional debate over the rights of foreigners in Japan, and the legal and political position of minorities in the region. (4) The political context of migration, in terms of international relations in the region, focusing mainly on China and Taiwan, and the potential impact of the political dispute over the status of Taiwan on the movement of workers, tourists, and capital investment between the two. (5) The representation of migration in history and literature. Here we considered the movement of Asians to Australia and the United States, the development of vernacular literatures among diaspora communities, such as the Tamils in Singapore, and the experiences of Japanese writers traveling abroad during the Showa period. Our research has shown (a) the importance of using multiple methodologies in the study of migration, both a the macro and micro-levels, (b) the impact of new transport and information technologies and (c) the results of increasing polarization of countries in the region in terms of their patterns of population growth and decline, and their comparative prosperity in the global system.