Study on automatic power genrator

随着移动信息设备的普及，对电源的小型化提出了强烈的要求。在本研究中，提出了各种类型的自动发电机来满足这一需求。发电机连接在机器或人身上，将动能转化为电能。为了将外部振动转化为安装在发电机中的永磁体和线圈的相对运动，提出了三种转换机构：振动质量、旋转质量和旋转卷轴。从理论上和实验上研究了电枢输出功率与电枢质量、振动频率、角速度、机电阻抗的关系。从而明确了使输出功率达到最大的机电条件。此外，还利用所研制的发电机驱动了医用传感器、射频电路和测量仪器。每台发电机的外形如图所示。振型发生器对机器振动等高频小振幅的输入振动非常有效。原型的尺寸约为10厘米。通过6Hz和4mm p-p的振动输入产生50mW。将电枢线圈分成若干部分，对振动质量的机电阻抗进行控制。因此，该发电机在任意输入幅值下以最高效率运行。旋转式发电机对人、浮标运动等低频大振幅的输入振动非常有效。此外，当产生自激旋转时，发电效率大大提高。自激旋转是惯性体在振动输入的作用下像巨摆一样旋转的现象。结果表明，在任意输入振动下，通过控制旋转质量的阻抗和控制初始旋转速度，可以产生自激旋转。通过手表大小的原型发电机获得了500μW的输出功率。产生的电能在超级电容器中充电，并由其驱动脉冲氧计和射频电路。旋转卷筒式发电机一种安装在数字卷尺上的发电机。电枢通过磁带卷的自然旋转而旋转。所产生的电能驱动磁带位置传感器和液晶电路。当胶带被拉一次时，液晶被驱动几秒钟。少

The miniaturization of power sources are strongly required as the mobile information instruments are becoming popular. In this research, various types of automatic power generators are proposed to answer this requirement. The generators are attached to a machine or a human, and convert the kinetic energy into electric energy. To convert an external vibration into a relative movement of a permanent magnet and a coil installed in the generators, three types of converting mechanism are proposed : vibrating mass, rotating mass, and rotating reel. The relationships between output power and the mass, the vibrating frequency, the angular velocity, electro-mechanical impedance of armature are studied theoretically and experimentally. As a result, the mechanical and electrical conditions to make the output power maximum are clarified. In addition, a medical sensor, an RF circuit and a measurement instrument are driven by using the developed generators. The outline of each generator is shown bel … More ow.1.Vibration type generatorThis type is highly effective to the input vibration of high frequency and small amplitude such as the machine vibration. The size of the prototype is about 10 cm. It generates 50mW by the vibration input of 6Hz and 4mm p-p. The coil of armature is divided into several parts, and the electromechanical impedance of the vibrating mass is controlled. As a result, this generator operates by the maximum efficiency under arbitrary input amplitude.2.Rotation type generatorThis type is highly effective to the input vibration of low frequency and large amplitude such as in the human and the buoy movements. In addition, when the self-excited rotation is induced, the power generation efficiency is increased greatly. The self-excited rotation is a phenomenon that the inertia body rotates like the giant swing by the vibration input. It is shown that the self excitation rotation is able to be generated by the control of the impedance of rotating mass and the control of the initial rotating velocity under arbitrary input vibration. The output power of 500μW is obtained by the prototype generator of the size of a wristwatch. The generated electric power was charged in a super capacitor and a pulse oxygen-meter and an RF circuit are driven by it.3.Rotating reel type generatorA generator installed in a digital tape measure is produced. The armature rotates by natural rotation of the tape reel. A tape position sensor and a liquid crystal circuit are driven by the generated electric power. When the tape is pulled once, the liquid crystal is driven for a few seconds. Less