Development of Reactors and Dialysis Devices without Damaging Fragile Emulsion

这项研究的目的是在不破坏易碎材料的情况下开发新的反应堆和透析设备。对于脆性材料，需要低剪切和层流流动。因此，层流流场中的混沌混合适合于这类反应器的发展。首先，本研究通过构造性的方法提出了一种新的混合场设计方法，并讨论了该方法对二维层流混合场的适用性。该方法由基于信息熵理论的估计方法和基于遗传算法的优化方法组成。为基本部件分配了非常简单的旋转流。该方法成功地搜索到了旋转流的最优构型，从而获得了良好的混合状态。其次，采用二级反应体系，实验研究了混合对环形泰勒旋流反应器内化学反应的影响。泰勒涡…内部的混合行为通过流动可视化技术也观察到了更多的S。流动显示实验清楚地揭示了低雷诺数下泰勒涡室内存在两个混合区。也就是说，在单元边界附近流动的流体在轴向上是均匀的，而局限在涡核区域的流体单元不会与圆柱壁发生碰撞。这个涡核区域可以看作是一个孤立的混合区。反应实验发现，具有较大孤立混合区的层流和单周期波动Taylor涡流区的反应速率比准周期和弱湍流Taylor涡流区的反应速率大。采用流动显示技术和盐溶液技术研究了锥形Taylor涡流反应器内的混合行为。观察到了三种不同的流动模式，即正常定常泰勒涡流动、泰勒涡上升运动和螺旋涡流。在向上移动的情况下，示踪物质在横截面的主流道和外缘单元边界的二次流流线上随行进涡流一起传输。较少

This research aimed to develop new reactors and dialysis devices without damaging fragile materials. A low shear and laminar flow is required for the fragile materials. Hence, chaotic mixing in a laminar flow field is suitable for development of such reactors. First, this research proposed a new design method of mixing field by means of a constructive approach and to discuss applicability of this method to a two-dimensional laminar mixing field. The presented method consisted of an estimation method based on the information entropy theory and a optimization method using a genetic algorithm. A very simple rotating flow is assigned for a basic component. This method successfully searched the very near optimal configuration of the rotating flow for obtaining a well-mixing state. Next, effect of mixing on chemical reactions in circular Taylor vortex flow reactor was experimentally investigated by using a second-order reaction system. The mixing behaviors in the inside of Taylor vortex cell … More s were also observed by a flow-visualization technique. The flow-visualization experiment clearly revealed the existence of two mixing zones within a Taylor vortex cell at low Reynolds numbers. Namely, the fluid flowing near the cell boundary was axially well-mixed, while the fluid element confined to the vortex core region did not collide with cylindrical wall. This vortex, core region can be regarded as an isolated mixing region. It was found in the reaction experiment that the reaction rate was larger in laminar and singly periodic wavy Taylor vortex flow regimes having large isolated mixing region than in quasi-periodic and weakly turbulent Taylor vortex flow regimes. Mixing behaviors in a conical Taylor vortex flow reactor were investigated using flow visualization and salt-solution techniques. Three different flow modes were observed, i.e. a normal steady Taylor vortex flow, an upward motion of the Taylor vortices and helical vortex flow. In the case of the upward traveling motion, the tracer substance was transported with the traveling vortices in the main flow of cross-section and along the secondary flow streamlines at the outer-edge cell boundaries. Less