Performance of a small semiconductor gamma camera for Radioguided Surgery

用于放射引导手术的小型半导体伽马相机(SSGC)比传统的闪烁相机(CSC)提供了更好的能量分辨率。用直径1 mm的聚乙烯管制成的20 mm高的“S”人物体模，填充3OMBqTc99m，直接放置在每个相机的表面上，采集时间为2-S。SSGC获得的图像比CSC获得的图像要清晰得多，因此SSGC具有高灵敏度和高空间分辨率。在机构审查委员会批准研究方案并获得所有患者的知情同意后，进行了初步的临床研究。对116例头颈部疾病(恶性肿瘤67例，良性肿瘤4例，唾液腺疾病5例，涎石4例，口干症6例，干燥综合征4例，骨髓炎9例，颞下颌关节病6例，其他疾病11例)进行了SSGC和CSC(bone SCI…)的核素扫描87例进行了多次核素扫描，21例行涎腺核素扫描，8例作了淋巴核素扫描。初步临床研究表明，SSGC能在较短的采集时间内完成成像。这种SSGG提供了比传统闪烁相机更好的图像。在两个伽马相机研究中都计算了活动比率，即热区与背景(T/BG)的比率，通过SSGC计算T/BG比率与由CSC拍摄的T/BG比率相同。分别拍摄15、30和60张SSGC图像S、30和60-S SSGC图像清楚地显示了乳腺癌(滨松大学医学院和庆应大学医学院的)、食道癌(庆应大学医学院的)、喉癌(庆应大学医学院的)、SSGC可清晰显示牙周癌(日本牙科大学)和舌癌(日本牙科大学)。SSGC即使在注射后一天也能够解析乳腺癌患者(滨松大学医学院)、喉癌患者(庆应大学医学院)的淋巴结。SSGC可能比目前分离前哨淋巴结以进行活检的技术更具优势。这种相机的另一个潜在应用是诊断，特别是位于甲状腺、颌面部骨骼和关节等组织或器官中的小而浅的病变。较少

A small semiconductor gamma camera (SSGC) for radioguided surgery provided better energy resolution than a conventional scintillation camera (CSC). Images obtained form a 20-mm-tall "S" figure phantom made from a 1-mm-diameter polyethylene tube and filled with 3OMBq Tc-99m, that was placed directly on the surfacee of each camera with a 2-s acquisition time. The image obtained by SSGC is much clearer than that obtained with a CSC, and so SSGC achieve high sensitivity and high spatial resolution.Preliminary clinical studies were performed, after institutional review boards approved the study protocol and informed consent was obtained from all patients. 116 patients with head and neck diseases (67 with malignant tumor, 4 with benign tumors, 5 with diseases of salivary gland, 4 with sialolith, 6 with xerostomia, 4 with sjogren syndrome, 9 with osteomyelitis, 6 with arthrosis of temporomandibular joint and 11 with another diseases) underwent scintigraphy using the SSGC and the CSC (bone sci … More ntigraphy were performed in 87 patients, salivary gland scintigraphy were performed in 21 patiens and lymph scintigraphy were performed in 8 patients). Preliminary clinical studies were successful in imaging in short acquisition time by using the SSGC. This SSGG provided better images than conventional scintillation camera. The activity ratio, the hot region to background (T/BG) ratio, was calculated in both gamma camera studies, T/BG ratio, by SSGC is the same as T/BG ratio by CSC.SSGC images were taken for 15,30 and 60 s, 30- and 60-s SSGC images clearly showed lymph nodes of patients who had breast cancer (by Hamamatsu University School of Medicine and Keio University School of Medicine), Esophageal cancer(by Keio University School of Medicine), laryngeal cancer (by Keio University School of Medicine), carcinoma of gingival(The Nippon Dental University) and carcinoma of tongue (The Nippon DentalUniversity) could be clearly visualized by the SSGC. The SSGC was able to resolve Lymph nodes of patients who had breast cancer (by Hamamatsu University School of Medicine), laryngeal cancer (by Keio University School of Medicine), even at a day after injection. The SSGC may offer advantage over current techniques for isolating sentinel lymph nodes for biopsy. A further potential application for this camera is in diagnosis, particularly of small, superficial lesions situated in tissues or organs such as the thyroid gland, jaws facial bones and joints. Less