Urban Anthropology on the Religious Relieves in the Modern Africa

在研究的第一年，2002年4月-2003年3月，结合东非和西非宗教救济方法的比较研究，我们重点研究了西非和中部非洲城市宗教救济的方法和技术。特别是，我们研究了如何缓解喀麦隆、几内亚和加纳等城市人民的困难。在这里，我们试图考察现代城市(科纳克里)和传统城市(熊市和福姆班)的差异。这一科学成果体现在SUZUKTS的《阿尔法·布朗迪歌唱上帝》、阿库通的《国王的葬礼和寡妇的仪式》和WAZAKI的《S：非洲传统城市中他人的救济和包容程序的逻辑》等论文(《现代非洲宗教救济的城市人类学》编辑)中。WAZAKI，2006年3月)。以同样的方式，安倍分析了r…中隐藏在重生手段中的思想通过对喀麦隆皇家城市的研究，以及对日本和非洲皇家城市救济方法的比较，我们将更多的精力放在了对传统城市的研究上。在合作研究的第二年，2003年4月至2004年3月，我们将研究传统城市的精力转向了现代城市与传统城市的比较。为此，我们继续对喀麦隆福姆班等传统城市的研究，开始研究喀麦隆首都雅温得作为典型的现代资本主义城市的非洲普通人的救济方式。在这里，Tabuchi分析了现代救济方式作为资本主义制度造成的困难和极端贫困所需要的社会福利。在合作研究的最后一年，2004年4月至2005年3月，我们考察了法国殖民社会和英国殖民社会城市救济的差异。为此，我们去了东非城市，其中一个典型的城市是坦桑尼亚的斯瓦希里城市。尤其是，日野分析了斯瓦希里城市，伊斯兰传统城市的救济方法论。通过这3年的人类学研究和成果的综合综合，我们已经能够拿出与现代城市相比，非洲传统城市中存在的相对较强的缓解装置。较少

In the first year of researches, 2002 Apr-2003 March, taking into consideration the comparative studies of the method of religious relieves in the east Africa and the west Africa, we focused our studies on the methods and techniques of the religious relieves in the cities of west and central Africa. Especially, we researched how to relieve peoples' difficulties in the cities of Cameroon, Guinea and Ghana. Here, we tried to examine the differences between in the modern city (Conackry) and the traditional cities (Kumashi and Foumban). This scientific outputs was realized in the Papers such as SUZUKTs "Alfa Brondy sings God ', AKUTSU's King's funeral and widow's ritual' and WAZAKI 's The Logics of relieves and inclusive procedures of others into ourselves in the African traditional cities ' ( all 3 papers in the "Urban Anthropology on the Religious Relieves in the Modern Africa" edit. by WAZAKI, 2006 March ). In the same way, Abe analyzed the thoughts hidden in the reliving means in the r … More oyal city of Japan, by researches on the Cameroon royal cities and by developing his studies into comparison of methodology of relief in Japan and African royal cities.In the second year of co-operative researches, 2003 Apr-2004 March, we developed our energies on the studies of traditional cities into the comparison between the modern cities and traditional ones. For this purpose, continuing our researches on the traditional cities like Foumban in Cameroon, we began to study the way of relieves of African ordinary people in the capital of Cameroon, Yaounde, as the typical modern capitalistic cities. Here, TABUCHI analyzed modern ways of relieves as social welfare required because of difficulties and extreme poverty caused by the capitalism system.In the last year of co-operative researches, 2004 Apr.-2005 March, we examined the differences of relieves in the cities between of French colonized societies and of British colonized ones. For this reason, we went to the east African cities, typical one of which were Swahili cities in Tanzania. Especcially, HINO analyzed the methodology of relieves in the Swahili cities, Islamic traditional cities. By the integrating synthesis of these 3 years anthropological researches and outputs, we have been able to take out the comparatively rather strong relieving devices lied in the traditional cities in Africa in comparison with modern ones. Less