Development and evaluation of effect for reducing method of summer heat in the environment of urban and biological production

福冈和东京等大城市的气温在这100年里上升了2℃以上。这些热岛现象是世纪后半叶全球变暖的标志。这些都是由混凝土和沥青覆盖的城市结构以及与人口浓缩相关的能源消耗增加造成的。其中最重要的是植被对混凝土的替代，减少了地表蒸散量。本研究的目的是开发由结构变化带来的负条件的恢复方法，我们进行了实验研究的蒸发冷却特性，保水性陶瓷瓦和屋顶植被。通过对铁材料仓库屋面与保水瓷砖屋面的表面温度对比，发现在中午时，屋面温度降低了20℃左右。此时，蒸发速率为0.75mm/h。 ...更多信息 合理的生产环境，进行了改善畜禽舍夏季供暖的田间试验。在这里，我们试着询问山羊对热的感觉。设置了保水性陶瓷瓦和波形铁板两种屋面形式。当阳光强烈时，三只山羊在陶瓷屋顶下呆了30多分钟，但一只山羊在铁屋顶下呆了30多分钟。这是由于陶瓷屋顶的辐射热在较低的表面温度下起反应。湿式陶瓷屋面起到吸热散热的作用，而原屋面起到散热的作用。因此，湿陶瓷可以避免热应力对家畜的身体，人体也。其次，我们分析了绿色覆盖的建筑屋顶的热环境的影响。在建筑物上种植了38000株植物，形成了阶梯式的绿化带。植被表面温度最高比混凝土表面温度低30℃左右。采用热量平衡法和水量平衡法对蒸散量进行了对比观测。结果表明，大部分净辐射通过蒸散转化为潜热，两种方法估算的潜热值吻合较好。在这种情况下，植物充当人体的热辐射吸收剂。少

Air temperatures in the big city such as Fukuoka and Tokyo have been raised more than 2℃ in these 100 years. These heat island phenomena are the sign of global warming at the last half of 21st century. Those are caused by the structure of city covered with concrete and asphalt and the increasing energy consumption associated with condensation of human population. The most important one is the replacement of vegetation to concrete, which brought decreasing of evapotranspiration from ground surface. The purpose of the study is to develop methods of recovering of minus condition brought by structural changes.We conducted experimental studies on the characteristics of evaporative cooling using water retentive ceramic tiles and vegetation on the roof. By the comparisons of surface temperatures between roof with iron material of warehouse and water-retentive ceramic tiles, the temperature decreased was found to be about 20℃ at noon. At this time, the evaporation rate was 0.75 mm/h.As for bio … More logical production environment, we conducted field experiment to improve summer heat in domestic animals's house. Here, we tried to ask goats their feeling about heat. The two types of roof with water retentive ceramic tiles and corrugated iron plate were set. When the sunshine was strong, three goats stayed under the ceramic roof but one goat stayed under the iron roof more than 30 minutes. This was caused by less heat radiation from ceramic roof reacting on lower surface temperature. The wet ceramic roof acts as heat radiation absorber, while the original roof does as heat radiator. Thus, wet ceramics can avoid thermal stress on domestic animal's body, human body as well.Next, we analyzed effect of greenery cover over roofs of a building to thermal environment. On the building 38000 plants are planted shaping step gradens. The surface temperature of vegetation was lower about 30℃ at the highest than that of the concrete surface. We made comparative observation about evapotranspiration using the heat balance method and water balance method. We founded most of net radiation was converted into latent heat by evapotranspiration, and the values estimated from both methods were agree with well. In this case, vegetation acts as heat radiation absorber to a human body. Less