Development of the upgrading process of heavy oil in supercritical water

我们开发了新的超临界水稠油提质系统。在超临界水中，部分氧化提供了有效的CO生成，从而导致水煤气变换反应。在不需要昂贵的氢气和催化剂的情况下，重质化合物的加氢和加氢脱硫在部分氧化过程中是可以预期的。将超临界水和超临界水部分氧化处理应用于沥青重整。沥青在613~673K，水密度0~0.5g/cm~3的条件下，在氩气或空气气氛中转化。温度的升高提高了重油的转化率。在Ar气氛下，随着温度的升高，沥青质转化率增加，硫还原增加，水密度为0.5g/cm3。在673K时，随着水密度的增加，沥青质转化率增加，CO2产率增加。水显然参与了反应，水中的氢被用来生成马来烯。在673K空气气氛下，沥青质转化率低于在Ar气氛下得到的沥青质转化率，但硫还原高于在Ar气氛下得到的结果。实验结果表明，硫进入焦炭，超临界水可以作为重油转化的有效溶剂。超临界水部分氧化可为重油脱硫提供反应气氛。

We have developed the new heavy oil upgrading system in supercritical water. In supercritical water, partial oxidation provides effective CO formation, which leads to water gas shift reaction. The hydrogenation of heavy compounds and hydrodesufurization can be expected in partial oxidation without expensive hydrogen or catalyst.We chose the asphalt as a heavy oil model compounds. Supercritical water and supercritical water partial oxidation treatments were applied to the reforming of asphalt. Asphalt was converted at 613 - 673 K, 0 - 0.5 g/cm^3 of water density under argon or air atmosphere. The increase of temperature enhanced the conversion of heavy oils. Under an argon atmosphere and 0.5 g/cm^3 of water density, the asphaltene conversion increased and the sulfur reduction increased with increasing temperature. At 673 K, the asphaltene conversion increased and the yield of CO_2 increased with an increasing water density. Water apparently participated in the reaction and its hydrogen was used for the formation of maltenes. Under an air atmosphere at 673 K, asphaltene conversion was lower but the sulfur reduction was higher than those obtained in argon atmosphere. Experimental results indicate that sulfur moved into the coke.As a result, supercritical water can be an effective solvent for heavy oil conversion. Supercritical water partial oxidation can provide the reaction atmosphere for desulfurization of heavy oils.