A longitudinal study on disaster volunteers during the first decade after the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake

阪神-浅地大地震后，救灾志愿者的趋势被调查。研究1：灾难NPO的参与性观察。根据我自1995年以来在日本积极救灾志愿者网络的纵向参与观察，制作了第一个十年的民族志。研究二：灾害非营利组织网络(1)。考察了两个全国性的灾害非营利组织网络核心成员建立的“智慧论坛”的组织过程和意义。研究3：灾害非营利组织网络(2)。我参加了美国一个灾难npo网络组织（即National Voluntary Organizations Active in disaster）的年会，并通过网络采访了该组织的核心成员关于救灾活动的情况。研究四：和平时期灾害非营利组织的活动。我调查了全国性的灾害非营利组织网络在和平时期为社区灾害管理提供的活动，并从理论上考察了灾害志愿者在社区发展中的作用。此外，我还在1999年台湾地震50周年之际访问了台湾，考察了当地居民如何利用当地资源重建他们的社区。研究5：灾难志愿者理论。从理论上分析了新中国成立后十年来灾害志愿者的发展趋势。对第二个十年提出了实际和理论意义。在这个研究项目中，我观察过的灾难非营利组织向伊朗、新泻等地派遣了救援队伍，我跟随他们进行了参与观察，作为这个项目的一部分。

Trend in disaster volunteers after the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake has been investigated. Study 1 : Participant Observation at a disaster NPO. Based on my longitudinal participant observation at Nippon Volunteer Network Active in Disaster since 1995, ethnographies for the first decade were produced. Study 2 : Network of Disaster NPOs (1).Organizing processes and the significance of "Forum of Wisdom" established by core members of two nationwide network of disaster NPOs were examined. Study 3 : Network of Disaster NPOs (2).I attended annual conferences of an American network organization of disaster NPOs (i.e., National Voluntary Organizations Active in Disaster) and interviewed its core members about disaster relief activities through the network. Study 4 : Activities of Disaster NPOs during Peace Time. I investigated peace-time activities for community disaster management provided by the nationwide networks of disaster NPOs, and theoretically examined the role of disaster volunteers in community development. In addition, I visited Taiwan for its 5^<th> anniversary of the 1999 earthquake and examined how local residents have reconstructed their communities with local resources. Study 5 : Theory of Disaster Volunteers. The trend of disaster volunteers during the first decade was theoretically analyzed. Practical as well as theoretical implications for the second decade were drawn. During the term of this research project, disaster NPOs I have observed dispatched their relief teams to disaster areas such as Iran and Niigata I followed them and conducted participant observations as a part of this project.