Studies on the Correlation between Human Settlement and Fauna in Palaeolithic Period

(1)研究旧石器时代遗址的结构及其地理条件。圆形人工制品单元不属于几个组，而只属于一个组，因为从分析主要工具和原材料的分布来看，人工制品单元显然是同质的。箱根山麓和阿什塔卡山麓发现的陷阱坑是用来诱捕在这些山麓和山麓之间迁徙的鹿群。c.至少有三个被报道为旧石器时代住宅的结构可能不属于旧石器时代，或者没有住宅的证据。d.绳纹坑民居的起源似乎是北海道Microblade和Mikoshiba文化的帐篷或小屋，从旧石器时代末期到绳纹时代开始，这些帐篷或小屋传播到了本州。(2)更新世哺乳动物化石研究。我们在Shoheigaiwaya洞穴进行了挖掘，确定了上部沉积物中有一层最初的绳纹文化层被K-Ah火山灰覆盖，下部沉积物中有一层厚厚的水生层，包括少量哺乳动物化石。b.在Tarumi NT洞穴的发掘发现了一些属于中更新世的动物骨骼。(3)日本与法国旧石器时代定居与狩猎的比较研究a.外国合作者撰写了有关该项目的文章。b.基于这些文章和其他研究，我比较了从日本陷阱坑中推断出的鹿的高度位移与旧石器时代法国西南部驯鹿的微迁移。尽管相似，但我们可以看到，在日本和法国从旧石器时代向后旧石器时代过渡时期，定居主义的发展有着鲜明的对比。

(1) Studying the structures at Palaeolithic sites and their geographical conditionsa. The circular artefact units belong not to several groups but only to one group because artefact units are clearly homogeneous from analysing the distribution of the main tools and the raw materials. b. The trap pits found in the Hakone and Ashitaka foothills were used trapping the herds of deer migrating between the top and the foothills of these mountains. c. At least three structures which have been reported as Palaeolithic dwellings may not belong to Palaeolithic period or have no evidence of dwellings. d. The origins of the Jomon pit dwellings seem to be the tents or huts of Microblade and Mikoshiba cultures in Hokkaido that spread to Honsyu from the terminal Palaeolithic to the beginning of the Jomon.(2) Investigation of Pleistocene mammalian fossila. We conducted excavations at Shoheigaiwaya cave and ascertained that a Initial Jomon cultural layer was covered by the K-Ah volcanic ash in the upper deposits, and a thick aquatic layer included a few mammalian fossil in the lower deposits. b. Excavations at Tarumi NT cave brought to light a number of animal bones belonging to Middle Pleistocene.(3) Comparative studies on the Palaeolithic settlement and hunting between Japan and France a. Foreign collaborators wrote their articles concerning this project. b. Based on these articles and other studies, I compared the altitudinal displacement of deer inferred from the trap pits found in Japan with the micromigration of reindeer in Palaeolithic southwestern France. In spits of the similarity, we can see a striking contrast concerning the progress of sedentism at the time of the transition from Palaeolithic to Post-Palaeolithic period between Japan and France.