Evaluation of urban non-point pollution load by a distributed model considering roofs and roads as impervious surface

1.考虑屋顶和道路不透水面的非点源污染负荷模型的建立与验证屋顶和道路在非点源污染负荷模型中被视为不透水面。它们不同的径流特性的重要性被认为是为了解释动态径流行为在一个地区与一个单独的下水道系统。悬浮物的径流行为分别在两个粒径级（1.2 × 45μm和45μm × 2mm）进行了评价。为了使模型模拟结果与实测资料更好地吻合，在Sartor和Boyd模型中引入了临界冲刷率的概念，用以解释细颗粒和粗颗粒的不同径流行为。对7次弱雨强降雨过程的模拟结果与实测值吻合较好，为改进模型，使其更好地拟合暴雨径流过程，在模型中加入了透水区冲刷模型，并对模型进行了改进，使其能更好地模拟暴雨径流过程，并对模型进行了验证。 ...更多信息 的建议。通过引入前期地表冲刷函数和改进的Sartor和Boyd不透水面模型，模拟结果在暴雨条件下仍能与实测数据相吻合，并提出了一种估算目标排水沟顶板和路面覆盖率的方法。详细的土地利用数据在10米网格的基础上被用来估计他们的分数。一旦给出屋顶和路面的分数，就很容易确定径流参数值。该方法在四个城市进行了验证.屋顶和道路灰尘中微量污染物的特征分析了屋顶和道路灰尘中的多环芳烃。聚类分析结果表明，同一地区道路扬尘和屋顶扬尘的微污染物谱存在明显差异。但在两个非交通污染源污染负荷不同的地区进行比较时，其微污染物廓线的特征更多地取决于地区本身的特性，而不是地面特性。少

1. Development and validation of a non -point pollution load model considering roofs and roads as impervious surfaceRoofs and roads were considered in a non-point pollution load model as impervious surface. The importance of their different runoff characteristics was recognized in order to explain dynamic runoff behavior in an area with a separate sewer system. The runoff behavior of suspended solids was evaluated separately in two size fractions (l.2〜45μm and 45μm〜2mm). In order to fit the model simulation to the observed data, the concept of critical runoff rate for wash-off was introduced into the Sartor and Boyd model for explaining the different runoff behavior of fine and coarse particles. The simulated results with the modified Sartor and Boyd model agreed satisfactorily with the observed data for a series of seven rainfall events with weak rainfall intensities.To improve the model for better fitting of runoff behavior in heavy rains, wash-off models from pervious area were addi … More tionally proposed. Introduction of the wash-off functions for previous surface as well as the modified Sartor and Boyd model for impervious surface, the simulation results could agree with the observed data even in the heavy rainfall events.A method was developed for estimation of the fractions of roof and road surfaces in target drainages. The detailed land use data given in 10m grid basis was utilized to estimate their fractions. Once the roof and road surface fractions were given, it became easy to determine the runoff parameter values. The validity of the method was confirmed in four cities.2. Characterization of micropollutants in the dust of roof and roadPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on the dust of roof and road were analyzed. The result of cluster analysis based on the profiles of the micropollutants showed a clear difference between road dust and roof dust in a district. But in the case of comparing the two districts having different pollution loading from non-traffic pollutant sources, the charasteristics of the micropollutant profile was depending much more on the characteristics of the district than the surface property. Less