Estimation of thundercloud electric charge distribution using prior information

(1)提出了一种利用地面实测电场数据估算雷云电荷分布的迭代方法。该方案是基于小波变换和牛顿方案相结合的。利用该方案进行了数值实验。并与神经网络方案的结果进行了比较。结果表明，基于小波变换的方案适用于电场测点数量较少的情况，并且比神经网络方案具有更好的分辨率。(2)对于水平电场检测，提出了一种新的思路，研制了两种水平电场仪。实验验证了仪表的特性，发现它们对水平电场有足够的灵敏度，可以估计雷云的方向。

(1)A new iteration scheme is proposed for estimating the thundercloud electric charge distribution from the electric field data measured on the ground surface. The scheme is based on the wavelet transformation combined with the Newton scheme. Using the scheme, numerical experiment is carried out. The result is compared with the result obtained by neural network scheme. It is found that the scheme based on the wavelet transformation is applicable to the case of a few number of electric field measurement points, and gives better resolution than that of neural network scheme.(2)For horizontal electric field detection, a new idea is proposed, and two types of the horizontal field meter are developed. The meter characteristic is examined experimentally, and it is found that they have sufficient sensitivity to horizontal electric field to estimate the direction of thundercloud.