Social Psychological Study of the Relationships between Physical Perceptions, Exercise Behavior and Eating Behavior.

本研究旨在探讨社会文化因素、人格因素和体质因素对身体知觉的影响，以及身体知觉对运动行为和饮食行为的影响。身体知觉的评估主要基于社会体质焦虑、身体自我效能感和身体自我知觉三个理论。研究1探讨了上述三种理论与体质感知的关系，以及体质感知与社会文化因素、人格因素和体质因素的关系。结果，这三种理论之间的密切关系被证实用于评估物理感知。社会文化因素，如“理想”体型，会极大地影响人们对身体的看法。自尊等人格因素和身体素质等身体素质因素也被发现与身体感知密切相关。研究2交叉观察，更多地考察了身体感知、运动行为和饮食行为之间的关系。结果表明，身体感知与运动行为（过去和现在参加体育俱乐部活动的经历以及运动行为的变化阶段）和饮食行为（饮食态度和行为以及停止饮食）密切相关。研究3纵向考察了身体感知、运动行为和饮食行为之间的关系。以身体活动指数评价运动行为，以饮食态度、饮食行为和饮食停止情况评价饮食行为。然后，研究人员在一个月内调查了身体感知对运动和饮食行为变化的影响。结果显示，身体感知会影响运动和饮食行为的一部分，但总体影响程度并不显著。这些发现呈现了“社会文化因素→身体感知→运动和饮食行为”的链条，从而构建了一个关系的概念模型。少

The purpose of the study was to investigate how social-cultural factors, personality factors and physical build factors are related to physical perceptions and how physical perceptions affect exercise behavior and eating behavior. The assessment of physical perceptions was mainly based on three theories of social physique anxiety, physical self efficacy and physical self-perception.Study 1 looked into the relationship between these three theories relevant to physical perceptions, and the relationship of physical perceptions with the social-cultural factors, personality factors and physical build factors. As a result, close relations were confirmed between the three theories to be used for assessment of physical perceptions. Social-cultural factors such as the "ideal" physique were indicated to greatly affect physical perceptions. Personality factors such as self-esteem and physical build factors such as BMI were also found to be strongly related to physical perceptions.Study 2 cross-se … More ctionally examined the relationship between physical perceptions, exercise behavior and eating behavior. The results indicated that physical perceptions are closely related to exercise behavior (past and present experience of sports club activities and stages of change regarding exercise behavior) and eating behavior (dietary attitude and behavior and cessation of eating).Study 3 longitudinally examined the relationship between physical perceptions, exercise behavior and eating behavior. Exercise behavior was assessed with physical activity indices, and eating behavior by dietary attitude and behavior and cessation of eating. Then, the effect of physical perceptions on exercise and eating behavior changes during a month was investigated. The results revealed that physical perceptions affect a part of exercise and eating behavior, but the overall level of effect was not considered to be significant.These findings presented the chain of "social cultural factors →p physical perceptions → exercise and eating behavior," and thus a conceptual model of the relationships was constructed. Less