Collection and identification of bioactive organic compounds occurring in natural water

开发适用于以下物质的吸附收集方法。考察了水合氧化铁(HIO)及其类似物作为吸附剂在天然水体中存在和循环的生物活性有机物的有效性。主要研究内容和成果如下。(1)首先选择了34种羧酸及其衍生物作为生物活性有机化合物的例子，并考察了它们在HIO上的吸附情况。结果表明，在pH为4.0~5.5的溶液中，含有两个以上HOOC-残基的分子可以定量地吸附在HIO上。HO残基和HOOC残基的存在促进了吸附，而CI残基的存在抑制了吸附。当HO-或CI-残基与分子中的HOOC-残基相邻时，其作用增强。(2)正磷酸盐、三聚磷酸盐、焦磷酸盐、单甲基磷酸盐、亚磷酸盐、α-和β-甘油磷酸盐、二甲基…的吸附行为研究了更多的磷酸盐和次磷酸盐对HIO的影响。正磷酸盐在pH 4.0~6.8范围内被定量吸附，三磷酸盐和焦磷酸盐在pH 4~9.3范围内被定量吸附，其次三种化合物在pH 4~6.8范围内被定量吸附。最后两种化合物在所考察的任何pH下都只有轻微的吸附。结果表明，每个磷化合物中至少有两个自由的P-O端是吸附所必需的，且P-O端越多，吸附越强。(3)用HIO和HZO吸附了17种单糖和蔗糖，并根据Langmuir吸附等温式比较了它们的吸附强度。吸附选择性由“a”和“W”的朗缪尔常数表示，与每个糖分子上HO-残基的构型(以R值表示)有关。(4)制备了HIO修饰的硅胶捕收剂，用于预富集极稀磷酸盐，并用于湖泊和海水样品中几个nm级的正磷酸盐-磷的测定。(5)考察了HIO对溶解有机碳(DOC)的吸附与pH的关系。较少

To develop adsorption collection methods applicable to. bioactive organic compounds occurring and circulating in natural waters, usefulness of hydrous iron oxide (HIO) and its analogous materials as an adsorbent was examined. The outlines and results of the research are as follows. (1)At first, 34 kinds of carboxylic acid and its derivatives were selected as an example of bioactive organic compounds and were tested to be adsorbed onto HIO or not. As the results, those molecules which have more than two HOOC-residues are adsorbed quantitatively onto HIO from solutions with pH 4.0〜5.5. The presence of a HO-residue along with the HOOC-residue facilitated the adsorption, but that of a CI-residue suppressed the adsorption. The effect of the HO- or CI-residue was enhanced when it was located adjacent to the HOOC-residue in the molecule. (2)Similarly, the adsorption behaviors of orthophosphate, tripolyphosphate, pyrophosphate, monomethylphosphate, phosphite, α-and β-glycerophosphates, dimethy … More lphospahte, and hypophosphate on HIO was studied. Orthophosphate was adsorbed quantitatively at pH 4.0〜6.8, triphosphate and pyrophosphate at pH 4〜9.3 and the next three compounds at pH 4〜6.8. The last two compounds were only slightly adsorbed at any pH examined. Then, it was concluded that at least two free P-O terminals in each phosphorus compound are necessary for the adsorption and that the more the P-O terminals, the stronger the adsorption. (3)A selection of sugars including seventeen monosaccharides and sucrose were adsorbed on HIO and hydrous zirconium oxide (HZO) and their strengths of adsorption were compared according to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The adsorption selectivity which was observed as the Langmuir constants of "a" and "W" was correlated to the configuration of HO-residues (evaluated as the R value) on each sugar molecule. (4)A silica gel collector modified with HIO was prepared for preconcentrating extremely dilute phosphate and was applied to the determination of orthophosphate-phosphorus at a level of several nM contained in lake and sea water samples. (5)Adsorption of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) onto HIO was also examined as a function of pH. Less