Field survey and health risk evaluation of antimony around a point source and waste water purification

对某工业厂房进行了现场调查和健康风险评价，该工厂向大气和河流中排放了锑。针对污水锑净化技术的发展，采用人工沸石、氧化锰铋和氧化铁铋进行了吸附试验。结果表明：(1)1NHCl萃取试验获得的表层土壤中锑的浓度超过了最大自然丰度的11倍。(2)采用生理提取试验对土壤中提取的胃和小肠中锑的浓度进行了检测。(3)成人每日从土壤中摄取的锑约为TDI的1/20。然而，它相当于婴儿TDI的1/2。(4)以氧化锰与氧化铋的比例为1:1或1:0.8为吸附剂时，吸附纯化溶液中锑的效果最好。400℃~ 500℃为最有效的煅烧温度。在上述条件下，锑的提取率可达99.9%以上。(5)铁铋氧化物对锑的吸附效果最好。

Field survey and health risk evaluation were carried out around a industrial plant from which antimony was released into atmosphere and river. Toward a development of antimony purification from waste water, adsorption test were carried out using artificial zeolite, manganese-bismuth oxide or iron-bismuth oxide. The results can be summarized as follows :(1)Antimony concentrations in surface soil, obtained by 1NHCl extraction test, exceeded 11 times of maximum natural abundance.(2)Physiologically based extraction tests were carried out to examine the antimony concentration in the stomach and small intestine eluted from soil.(3)It was estimated that daily antimony intake from soil is about 1/20 of TDI for the adult. However, it corresponds to about 1/2 of TDI for the infant.(4)Antimony purification from solution by adsorption was the most effective when manganese oxide : bismuth oxide was 1:1 or 1:0.8 as adsorbent. 400℃-500℃ was the most effective temperature for calcination. Extraction ratio of antimony were more than 99.9% at the previously described conditions.(5)Iron-bismuth oxide was the most effective adsorbent for antimony among all adsorbents which were investigated in this study.