Development of Usable Pen based on Psychological, EMG, and Biomechanical Evaluation

本研究旨在探讨钢笔形状对易用性的影响，提出一种通用性强的钢笔形状。市场上出售的钢笔形状多种多样。这些钢笔的商业价值在于这些钢笔是否可以使用。例如，希望有一种易于使用且不易引起疲劳的钢笔。但是，这些钢笔使用方便的原因并不明确，也没有科学依据。这项研究提出了以下方法来科学地评估笔的可用性。对两个年龄段的人(老年人和年轻人)进行了两种实验。从肌电分析的客观评价和对易用性的主观评价两个方面评价了笔的形状对易用性的影响。此外，还进行了扭动压力测量实验，将受试者分为高扭动压力组和低扭动压力组。两组…在评价指标上是否有差异在第一个实验中，受试者写了一个8个字的短句。本实验旨在评估短时间扭体运动中的肌肉负荷。使用了九种改变笔尖长度和笔径的钢笔。通过肌电分析的%MVC和RMS客观评价以及所需的可用性主观评分来评估笔的形状对可用性的影响。在实验二中，被试在固定时间内转录了大量句子。本实验旨在评估长时间扭动时的肌肉疲劳。使用了三种改变笔径的钢笔。从基于FFT分析的MPF客观评价和基于易用性的主观评价两个方面评价了笔的形状对疲劳的影响。青年与老年人在上述客观评价指标上存在显著差异。从主观评价的角度来看，直径为11 mm的钢笔被高度评价为可用。较少

This study was designed to explore the effect of shape of pen on the usability, and propose the shape of pen which is universally easy to use for every people.Various shaped pens on sale. The commercial value of those pens is whether those are usable on not. For instance, a pen which is easy to use and induces less fatigue is desirable. But, the reason why these pens are easy to use is vague and is not based on scientifically valid data. This study proposed the following methods to scientifically evaluate the usability of pens. Two kind of experiments ware conducted for tow age groups (older and young adults). The effect of shape of pen on usability was evaluated from both objective evaluation by EMG (electromyogram) analysis and subjective evaluation of the usability. In addition, an experiment to measure the writhing pressure was carried out to classify the subject into high and low writhing pressure groups. Whether there is a difference in the evaluation index between those two grou … More ps was examined.In the first experiment, subjects wrote a short sentence if 8 characters. This experiment was designed to evaluate muscular workload in short-time writhing. Nine kinds of pens that changed the pen tip length and pen diameter ware used. The effects of shape of pen on the usability ware evaluated from both objective evaluations by %MVC and RMS of EMG analysis and subjective rating of usability ware required to.In the second experiment, subjects transcribe a lot of sentences for fixed time. This experiment was designed to evaluate muscular fatigue in long-time writhing. Three kinds of pens that changed pen diameter ware used. The effect of shape of pen on fatigue was evaluated from both objective evaluation by MPF based on FFT analysis, and subjective rating on usability.As a result of two experiments above, the pen with tip length of 12mm tended to induce high muscular workload. There was a significant difference of objective evaluation measure above between young and older adults. The pen with a diameter 11mm was highly evaluated as usable from a subjective evaluation perspective. Less