Molecular regulation and mechanism of differentiation and transformation of Trichinella infected muscle cell

通过对旋毛虫和假旋毛虫感染肌肉组织的基因表达谱进行基因芯片分析和比较，揭示旋毛虫和假旋毛虫感染肌肉组织病理变化和哺乳细胞形成的分子机制。列出了可能参与常见和不同病理变化的候选基因。与卫星细胞激活和增殖相关的基因Pax7、结蛋白和M-钙粘附素表达上调，提示它们参与了卫星细胞在哺乳细胞形成过程中的作用。与细胞分化相关的基因在旋毛虫感染中表达上调，Pax3、IFI202a、Chordin 2和S100A9基因表达上调，Ndrg2基因表达下调，ATBF1、FoxH1、Rfx3和Sufu基因表达上调，Nanog基因表达下调。几个基因…更多调控细胞周期和增殖的S在感染后表现出表达的变化，如G0S2、CLU、MLF1、Id2、B-myb和Cyclin A2，这些可能在感染过程中发生的细胞周期重入和停滞中发挥作用。鉴定了一些与细胞凋亡和转化相关的基因的差异表达。用实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应进一步证实了部分基因的表达和动力学，揭示了两种旋毛虫感染之间的不同模式。此外，两个信号通路，转化生长因子-β和Notch信号通路，被证实参与了感染肌肉细胞的分化和转化。目前的研究结果表明，旋毛虫感染诱导的复杂病理过程受多个基因和信号通路的调控，主要涉及肌肉发育、肌肉发生、细胞增殖、分化转化、细胞周期调控和细胞凋亡。某些基因的差异表达可能与旋毛虫和假旋毛虫感染不同的病理机制有关。对所列出的候选基因中的一些关键基因的进一步分析将有助于揭示哺育细胞形成的分子机制。较少

cDNA microarray analysis and comparison of the gene expression profiles between Trichinella spiralis and T. pseudospiralis infected muscle tissues were performed to reveal the molecular mechanism of the pathological changes and nurse cell formation. The candidate genes to be likely involved in the common and different pathological changes were listed. The expressions of the genes associated with satellite cell activation and proliferation, Pax7, desmin and M-cadherin, were up-regulated, suggesting their involvement in the roles of satellite cells during the formation of nurse cell. Differential expression of the genes related to cell differentiation was observed, for example, up-regulated expression of galectin and Pbxl in both Trichinella infections, up-regulated of Pax3, IFI202a, chordin 2 and S100A9, and down-regulated of Ndrg2 only in T. spiralis infection, and up-regulated of ATBF1, FoxH1, Rfx3 and Sufu, and down-regulated of Nanog only in T. pseudospiralis infection. Several gene … More s to regulate cell cycle and proliferation showed changes in expression after infection, for example, G0S2, CLU, MLF1, Id2, B-myb and cyclin A2, that are likely to play role in cell cycle reentry and arrest occurred during infection. The differential expression of some genes associated with apoptosis and transformation was identified. Further confirmation of the expression and kinetics of some selected genes by real time PCR revealed the different patterns between the two Trichinella infections. In addition, two signaling pathways, TGF-β and Notch signaling pathways, were confirmed to be involved in the differentiation and transformation of infected muscle cell. The present results indicated that complex pathological processes induced by Trichinella infection were regulated by many genes and signaling pathway, mainly related to muscle development, myogenesis, cell proliferation, differentiation and transformation, cell cycle regulation, and apoptosis. The differential expression of some genes is likely to be responding to different pathology between T spiralis and T pseudospiralis infection. Further analysis of some key ones of the listed candidate genes will help to reveal the molecular mechanism of nurse cell formation. Less