Partition and individuation in Germanic

该项目的目的是研究日耳曼语中不定冠词、形容词变形和n-后缀的作用——既从方言角度，也从历时角度。从观察到在现代巴伐利亚（和阿勒曼尼）方言中，不定冠词可以用来表达部分（ich bräuchte ein Geld - I need *a* cash）以及更常见的个人阅读开始，问题是这些阅读有什么共同之处，以及如何以理论上令人满意的方式模拟这种情况。最初的假设是，不定冠词和n后缀有一个共同的来源，抽象意义是“分割”或更抽象的“歧视”（还有其他部分）。这种基本意义可以通过进一步的语义单位来丰富，从而表达子类、个体甚至特定的阅读。语言在使用不同的词汇项或使用不同的词项时存在差异，从而导致歧义。理论框架是纳米语法，其中每个意义单位都有一个单独的功能头。任务是根据经验确定并证明这些头脑的正确顺序（等级）。项目的第二部分涉及日耳曼语的历时性发展。众所周知，在MHG中，分数的指数（例如）曾经是属性标记。计划在一个带注释的数据库中检查、描述和存储该地区日耳曼语的内部变异。纳米语法可以非常有效地用于追溯此类开发，甚至可以用于预测可能的开发。根据* aba定理，可以预测一个词汇项可以词汇化相邻的其他功能头。它可能的延伸路径（导致歧义）因此受到限制。另一方面，在功能投射序列中，可以在可能出现新词汇的地方进行预测。该项目旨在测试这些模型与日耳曼数据的对比，这些数据将被收集和系统化。

The aim of the project is to investigate the role of the indefinie article, adjectival inflection, and n-suffixation in Germanic - both under a dialectal as well as a diachronic perspective. Starting with the observation that in modern Bavarian (and Alemannic) dialects, the indefinite article can be used to express partitive (ich bräuchte ein Geld - I need *a* cash) as well as the more usual individual reading, the question what these readings have in common and how one can model this situation in a theoretically satisfying way. The initial hypothesis is that the indefinite article and the n-suffixation have a common source and that the abstract meaning is 'partition' or even more abstract 'discrimination' (there are other parts left). This basic meaning can be enriched with further semantic units such that sub-kind, individual and even the specific reading can be expressed. Languages vary whether engage then different lexical items or use item, leading to ambiguity. The theoretical framework is Nanosyntax in which for every meaning unit a separate functional head ist posulted. The task is to identify and justify empirically the correct order (hierarchy) of these heads. The second strand of the project deals with the diachronic development within Germanic. As is well-known, the exponent e.g. for partitive used to be genitive marking in MHG. It is planned to examine, desrcibe and store in a annotated database the inner-Germanic variation in this area. Nanosyntax can be used very fruitfully to trace back such developments - and even more to make predictions about possible developments. Due to the *ABA-theorem, it is predicted that one lexical item can lexicalize further functional heads that are immediate neighbours. Its possible route of extension (leading to ambiguity) is thus constrained. On the other hand, predictions can be made where in the sequence of functional projections new lexical items may enter. The projects aims to test these models against the data from Germanic that will be gathered and systematized.