Precision farming for crop production with nutrient cycle consideration

精准农业支持系统的建立：开发了中频（MF）信标（特林布尔AgGPS 132）精准农业支持系统。将变速（0.25- 2.0ms ^）的动态定位精度<-1>与全站仪（5 mm精度）进行了比较。其平均值、最大值和均方根值分别小于0.50m、1.30m和0.30m。作物胁迫测定：第2茬草高与产量信息之间的关系难以找到<nd>。而<nd>利用光谱仪（Optresearch HSR-8100，波长300-1100 mm）测定作物的胁迫程度，可以预测第二茬的产量分布。田间信息采集系统的建立：开发了收获期田间信息实时采集系统。来自小型电力无线电系统的数据可以很容易地从固定点找到，尽管很难找到来自拖拉机的移动点的数据。在通信系统分析的结果中，无线局域网系统比其他系统更稳定。田间氮素循环估算：马齿型玉米的硝酸盐和铵态氮含量在孕穗期和青贮饲料中均低于最大值。通过对堆肥和收获物的氮素分析，它们对堆肥的氮素响应约为马齿型玉米的53.8%.对作物产量响应和土壤氮素含量的半方差分析比较：产量取样面积的大小在各年中是可变的，但建议今年的取样面积小于7 mx7 m2。土壤分析的取样面积，即硝酸盐和铵含量，建议小于10米乘10米的正方形。然而，可以将较大的面积用于土壤pH值样本。

Establishment of the precision farming support system :The precision farming support system with the medium frequency (MF) beacon (Trimble AgGPS132) was developed. The dynamic positioning accuracy with variable speed (0.25-2.0 ms^<-1>) was compared with the total station (5 mm accuracy). Its value of average, maximum and RMS were less than 0.50 m, 1.30 m and 0.30 m, respectively.Measuring of crop stress :There were difficult to find the relations between the grass height and the yield information in the 2^<nd> cut. However, prediction of the yield distribution in the 2^<nd> cut was possible by the measuring of the crop stress with the spectrometer (Opt research HSR-8100, wave length 300-1100 mm).Establishment of the field informatics collection system :We developed the real-time field informatics collection system in the harvesting. The data from the small electric power radio system was possible to find easily from the fixed point, although it was difficult to find the data from the moving point that is the tractor. In the results of the communication system analysis, the wireless LAN system was more stable system than the others.Estimation of the nitrogen cycle in the field :The nitrate and ammonium contents in the dent corn were less than the maximum value in the booting stage and in the silage. Their nitrogen response for compost was about 53.8% to the dent corn by the nitrogen analysis of composts and harvests.Comparison of semi-variance analysis for the crop yield response and for the soil nitrogen contents :The sizes of sampling area for the yield was variable in each year, while it suggested the less than 7 m by 7 m squares in this year. The sizes of sampling area for the soil analysis, which are nitrate and ammonium contents, were suggested the less than 10 m by 10 m squares. However, it will be possible to apply the larger areas for the soil pH samples.