Ergonomics research regarding a reduction of the physical burden for nurses and caregivers -A study of individual force and auxiliary force required to elevate the hips in a recumbent position-

目前的研究重点是将髋部抬起至卧位，这是一种护理活动，涉及患者和护士的大量身体负担。这一行动对双方都是一种负担，尽管它具有将康复作为患者日常活动的一部分的优点，并允许护士在较短的时间内进行护理。因此，这项工作通过客观和主观地量化施加在病人和护士身上的身体负担，澄清了关于抬起髋部和辅助行动的证据。此外，这项研究还验证了患者通过使用扶手等简单辅助工具帮助行动的可能性。目前的研究结果如下：1.床越高，个人作为护士所施加的力量就越少，这项工作在主观上被认为更容易。在这种情况下，个人作为患者所施加的力也较小，并且也存在…在助攻方面有更多的不适。髋关节抬高动作的波形特征分类阐明如下(1)对于有护理经验的个体而言，辅助髋关节抬高动作中的负荷在下降后趋于恒定。在显示这种波形的动作中，身体负担也较小。(2)无论是有护理经验的个体还是护生，髋关节抬高的时机与患者不协调时，身体负担都会增加。对于病人和护士来说，一次抬高髋关节一秒钟会造成身体负担的酒糟。对有护理经验的人和护生的行为进行了比较，发现有护理经验的人的行为特征如下：(1)从髋关节抬高开始到抬起完成，施加体力，使髋关节保持在一个抬高的位置；(2)向病人发出信号，两者同时施力；(3)经常使用下肢力量，特别是重心向前、向后和上下移动；(4)腿部向前、向后、向右和向左伸展，并假设较低的高度

The current research focused on actions to elevate the hips in a recumbent position, a nursing activity that involves a substantial physical burden for the patient and the nurse. This action is a burden for both, although it has merits of serving as rehabilitation as part of daily activities for the patient and allows care in a shorter period of time for the nurse. Thus, this work clarified evidence on actions to elevate the hips and assisting action by objectively and subjectively quantifying the physical burden placed on the patient and nurse. In addition, this work verified the possibility of the patient's individual force assisting with actions through use of simple aids such as a handrail.The current research obtained the following results:1. A taller bed involved less force exerted by an individual in the role of a nurse and this work was subjectively considered easier. The force exerted by an individual in the role of a patient in this instance was also less, and there was also … More little discomfort with regard to assistance.2. Classification of waveform characteristics for actions to elevate the hips clarified the following(1) For individuals with nursing experience overall, the load during actions to assist with hip elevation tended to become constant after it decreased. During actions indicating this waveform, there was also less of a physical burden.(2) For both individuals with nursing experience and nursing students, the physical burden increased when timing of hip elevation was not coordinated with the patient.3. For both patients and nurses, performing hip elevation in one go for one second resulted in lees of a physical burden.4. Actions of individuals with nursing experience and nursing students were compared, and the following 4 conditions characteristic of actions of individuals with nursing experience became apparent(1)Substantialal force was exerted from the start of hip elevation until elevation was complete afterwards, force was exerted to maintain the hips in an elevated position(2)Signalling the patient, with both exerting force simultaneously(3)Frequent use of the force of the lower limbs, and substantial shifting of the center of gravity forward and backward and up and down in particular(4)Spreading the legs forward and backward and to the right and left, and assuming a low Less