Development of Portable Experimental Apparatus on Education of Polymer Physics

我们研制了一种桌面大小的高分子物理实验装置，可以在短时间内携带和进行各种实验。该装置由加热块和恒温箱组成，恒温箱的温度控制在室温至200℃之间。通过加热块上方配备的数码显微镜可以观察各种聚合物的热性能，或观察聚合物共混物的相分离行为和结晶聚合物的结晶行为;例如，晶体通过加热到熔化温度以上而熔化，而结晶通过冷却到熔化温度以下而发生。机械性能和光学性能可以通过恒温烘箱中配备的专门设计的紧凑型拉伸机进行评估;例如，通过快速拉伸试样可以研究应力松弛行为，并且应变保持恒定，而通过施加恒定应力来研究蠕变行为。通过观察两个偏振片下的干涉色，观察了应力松弛或蠕变过程中双折射的变化。为了在讲座中进行上述实验，我们准备了一本教材“高分子物理实验训练”，这是对本科生和企业研究人员有用的。并利用网路摄影机及区域网路建构远程学习系统，以有效地进行课堂实验。

We developed a desk-size experimental apparatus of polymer physics in which one can carry and perform various experiments in lecture for a short time. The apparatus consist of heating block and constant-temperature oven controlled from room temperature to 200℃. We can investigate thermal property of various polymers, or observe phase separation behavior of polymer blends and crystallization behavior of crystalline polymers by observing digital microscope equipped above the heating block; e.g., crystals are melted by heating above the melting temperature while crystallization occurs by cooling below the melting temperature. Mechanical property and optical property can be estimated by the specially designed compact drawing machine equipped in the constant-temperature oven ; e.g., stress relaxation behavior can be investigated by stretching the specimen quickly and the strain remains constant while creep behavior is investigated by applying constant stress. The change of the birefringence during the stress relaxation or creep is also observed by observing the interference colors under two polarizers. In order to perform the above experiments in lecture, we prepare a textbook "Training of Experiment on Polymer Physics" which is instrumental for undergraduate students and corporate researchers. The remote learning system is also constructed by using an internet camera and local area network to perform the experiments in lecture efficiently.