Formation of Vertical and Horizontal Regional Relationships in Postwar Germany

1.我的研究旨在分析战后德国联邦体制的形成。为了对这一问题进行研究，我关注了联邦政府和州政府之间的纵向和横向关系。从这个角度出发，我考虑了不同行为者的作用，例如政党，军事占领期间的不同政府，国家总理在1949年制定基本法的过程中。本文的主要研究对象是（1）第二议院的形成过程和（2）战后德国联邦主义的论述。2005年8月，我在德国档案馆收集了涉及这些问题的原始文件。2004年6月，我发表了一篇题为《德国第二议院的形成》的论文。本文从路径依赖的角度，对法兰克福宪法、德意志第二帝国宪法和魏玛宪法中的联邦体制进行了比较。此外，我分析了联邦代议政制的概念，以及在基本法辩论中关于第二议院的妥协过程。通过研究，阐明了第二议院形成与战后政治形势、官僚体制和政党政治的历史因果关系.论文定稿后，我将研究重点转向战后德国联邦制的论述。我研究了康拉德·阿登纳（Konrad Adenauer）在担任讨论基本法的议会理事会主席期间，社会民主党主席库尔特·舒马赫（Kurt Schumacher）和美国驻德国军政府首脑卢修斯·克莱（Lucius Clay）之间的互动中发展出来的联邦制思想。我还查阅了大量有关战后德国联邦制的论述材料。我计划完成一篇关于“德国占领下的联邦制”的论文。

1. My research is aimed at analyzing the formation of the postwar German federal system. In order to do research on this problem I paid attention to the vertical and horizontal relationships between the federal government and the state government. From such point of view I considered the role of the different actors, for example the political parties, the different governments during military occupation, state prime ministers in the process of the enactment of the Basic Law in 1949. The main targets in this research are (1) the process of forming the second chamber and (2) the discourse on federalism in postwar Germany. I collected original documents touching on these issues in German archives in August 2005.2. I published a paper entitled 'The Formation of the German Second Chamber' in June 2004. In this paper I described differences and similarities between federal systems in the Frankfurt Constitution, the Second German Empire Constitution and the Weimar Constitution from the path dependency viewpoint. In addition I analyzed concepts of federal representative system of parties and the compromise process as regarding the second chamber during the debate on the Basic Law. Through this research the historical causality of the formation of the second chamber in relation to the postwar political situation, bureaucracy and party politics was elucidated.3. After finalizing the paper I turned the research focus to the discourse on federalism in postwar Germany. I investigated the ideas of federalism that developed out of the interaction between Konrad Adenauer in his term as the president of the Parliamentary Council discussing the Basic Law, the Social Democratic Party president Kurt Schumacher, and Lucius Clay, head of the US Military government in Germany. I also worked through a large amount of material concerning discourse surrounding federalism in postwar German. I am planning to complete a paper about 'Discourse around Federalism under German Occupation'.