Study on Design and Care System of Renovated Facilities for the elderly with Small group Units

本研究旨在探讨透过改造传统设施，引入小团体单位的成效与问题。我们调查了一个改革后的养老院，有新的小。在改革后，通过对居民/护理人员的活动进行摸底、行为观察和深入访谈，立即对社区保健单位和传统的大单位进行调查，并逐年进行调查。研究结果发现：（1）小单位与大单位相比，工作人员的照顾行为差异不大，但工作人员与居民的沟通频率增加。(2)小单元居民的生活最初与大单元居民的生活相似，但逐渐发生了变化。低护理需求者独立留在走廊。相比之下，高护理需要水平的人会在房间里呆很长时间。(3)廊道空间不仅作为通道空间，而且作为半私密空间，在居民的生活形态中发挥着重要作用。

This study aims to clarify the effects and problems of introduction of small group unit to traditional facilities by renovation. We surveyed a reformed nursing home that had new small. units and traditional large unit, immediately after the reform and one after year by means of mapping of activities of the residents/care staffs, behavior observation and deep interviews. The findings are as follows :(1) Comparing small unit and large unit, care acts of the staffs were not so different, but frequency of communication of the staffs and the residents increased in small unit. (2) The residents' lifes in small unit were similar to those in large unit at first, but gradually changed. Person with low care-need level came to stay in the corridor independently. In contrast, person with high care-need level came to spend long time in their room idly. (3) Corridor spaces were able to play important role in the form of the residents' life not only as passage spaces but also as semi-private zone.