Ecological Research for a new invaded termite pest, Reticulitermes kanmonensis.

本研究对一种新入侵白蚁--关门散白蚁的生态学特征进行了如下研究：1。在野外，黄胸杜鹃和黄胸杜鹃异域分布时，几乎在同一受害层林中筑巢。但在同域分布时，关门杜鹃的巢居在受害层较低的木材上。此外，关门杜鹃还表现出较高的廊道构筑能力和耐旱性。在本实验条件下，30℃时关门红腹蛛的摄食率最高。这几乎与R相同。精子2.种间和种内的相互作用对不同的物种，沙蚕表现出强烈的竞争行为，没有营养接触。然而，对同一物种的不同群体的竞争行为是弱的，并观察到食物的营养-乳酸交换。另一方面，关门红腹蛛对不同种和同种的不同群体表现出强烈的竞争行为，缺乏互养接触。这些结果表明，黄胸蛙具有已知的群体融合现象，而关门蛙不具有群体融合现象，并强烈排斥非巢伴个体，这可能是由于两种蛙的巢伴识别特征不同所致.为了阐明白蚁的水分利用能力及其生理机制，我们从台湾乳白蚁消化道中克隆了编码水通道蛋白--水通道蛋白（aquaporin，AQP）的cDNA并进行了序列测定。从这些结果可以看出，至少有两种AQP mRNA可以通过编码区C末端以来的核酸序列来区分，并且推导出的氨基酸序列与目前已知的昆虫AQP具有53-65%的同一性。

In this study, ecological features of a new invaded termite species, Reticulitermes kanmonensis, were investigated as below :1. Ecological features of R.kanmonensisIn the field, R.speratus and R.kamnonensis nested almost in the same damaged-level woods when they distributed allopatrically. However, R.kanmonensis nested in the lower damaged-level wood than R.speratus when they distributed sympatrically. It is also remarkable that R.kanmonensis showed the high ability of gallery construction and tolerance against dryness. In the experimental condition, the consumption rate of R.kanmonensis was highest at 30℃. This is almost same as that of R. speratus.2. Inter-and intra-species interaction among co-existent speciesR.speratus showed strong agonistic behavior against different species and no trophallactic contact. However agonistic behavior against different colony of the same species was weak and trophallactic exchange of food was observed. On the other hand, R.kanmonensis showed strong agonistic behavior against different species and different colony of the same species and trophallaxis contact was absent. These results suggested that R.speratus has colony fusion as already known, although R.kanmonensis does not show colony fusion and strongly exclude non-nestmate individuals.It is suggested that the difference in distribution patterns of the two species is due to the difference in their nestmate recognition characteristics.3. Elucidation of water utilization ability and the physiological mechanismsWe cloned and sequenced cDNAs encoding water channel protein, aquaporin (AQP) from digestive tracts of Coptotermes formosanus, in order to clarify the ability of water utilization of termite. From these results, there are at least two kinds of AQP mRNAs which can be distinguished by nucleic acid sequences since C-terminal of coding region, and the deduced amino acid sequences have 53-65% identities with presently known insect AQPs.