The Theoretical Basis on the Improvement in Food Self-sufficiency Ratio and its Effect on Food Imports

日本的粮食自给率已经下降到40%，尽管人们似乎对粮食安全非常感兴趣。这一比例的下降主要是由于以下两个因素：改变饮食模式，增加畜产品和脂肪的消费，以及用方便食品和外出就餐取代自制膳食。此外，日本人的食品消费也以安全为导向，对本国产品也有一定的偏好。本研究旨在探讨提高日本食品自给率的理论基础，并评估其对日本食品进口的影响。上述膳食结构的变化和替代得到了相关文献的实证证实.从需求方面分析，日本人对本国产品有好感，这对提高粮食自给率是有希望的。另一方面，日本家庭烹饪水平的福尔斯下降和家庭规模的缩小使这一比例下降。从供给端分析，C。I. F.日本的粮食进口价格部分受到一些出口国国内农民政策的影响。结果表明，食品贸易市场并不具有竞争性，出口国的战略行为是获得额外利润的有效手段。

Food self-sufficiency ratio in Japan has dropped to 40% in calorie basis though the people seem to be very interested in food security. The decline of the ratio results mainly from the following two factors; changes in the dietary pattern to rise in the consumption of livestock products and fat, and substituting homemade meals with convenience food and eating-out. Japanese people also have a taste in domestic products because of their security-oriented food consumption.The purpose of this study is to investigate the theoretical basis on the improvement in Japan's food self-sufficiency ratio and to evaluate its effect on food imports in Japan.The outline of the results is as follows;1. The changes in the dietary pattern and the substitution mentioned above are confirmed empirically by the related statistics.2. From the demand-side analysis, Japanese people have a taste in domestic products, which is expected in going up the food self-sufficiency ratio. On the other hand, falls in the level of cooking skill and shrinking family size in Japanese household have made the ratio going down.3. From the supply-side analysis, the C. I. F. prices for food imports into Japan are partly affected by the policy for domestic farmers in some export countries. The result shows that the market for food trade does not work competitively and the strategic behavior of the export countries are effective in getting an additional profit.