Contemporary transformation of Learning System of Traditional Dance ant It's Influence to Traditional Culture・Bali・Laos・Japan

在巴厘岛、老挝和日本，以前学习传统舞蹈的方法是非常体力的，通过私人或村庄的小团体课程。今天，传统舞蹈也在一些公共教育机构教授。通过对6位不同世代的巴厘女舞者的访谈，我们可以了解到，老一辈的学习方法更艰苦，更宗教，更体力。年轻一代在学校以更系统的方法和集体学习舞蹈。老挝目前的情况与20世纪70年代的巴厘岛非常相似。国家音乐舞蹈学院舞蹈专业毕业生的发展前景取决于旅游业的发展。巴厘岛人通过旅游创造了新的文化，但目前在老挝没有同样的迹象。以下是对岐阜县东美野地区和爱知县大三川地区的花美里歌舞伎表演的研究结果。歌舞伎表演被称为村石白（乡村歌舞伎），它曾经是村民最受欢迎的娱乐活动，但由于第二次世界大战，新娱乐项目的到来和人口减少，它在昭和时期中期衰落了。如今，它以促进区域发展的新功能复活了。花祭历史悠久，但规模已经缩小。他们改变了当地的规定，参加村里的节日继续下去，所以很多人从这个地区以外的人来参加他们的节日。两者都与学校教育建立了联系，将无形文化资产留给后代。在巴厘岛和老挝，传统舞蹈的传播显然是为了促进旅游业，但在日本，它完全是为了区域发展。

In Bali, Laos and Japan, the former method to learn traditional dances was very physical, by private or a small group lesson in village. Today, traditional dances are instructed in some public educational institutes too. From interview with 6 Balinese female dancers of different generations, we can know that the learning method of the older generation was harder, more religious and physically. The younger generation learned dances in school with more systematic method and in mass. The present condition in Laos is very similar with 1970's in Bali. The prospectiveness of graduates as a dancer of National School of Music and Dance depend on the development of tourism. Balinese created the new culture with tourism but there is no same sign at the present in Laos. Results of research on Kabuki performance in Higashi-Mino area (Gifu prefecture) and Hana-matsuri in Oku-Mikawa (Aichi Prefecture) are following. Kabuki performance is called mura-shibai (village Kabuki), it used to be the most popular entertainment for villager, but it had declined in the middle of the Showa period because of World War II, the arrival of new entertainments and the depopulation. And now it has revived with the new function as the promotion of the regional development. Hana-matsuri has a long history but has been reduced in scale. They changed local rule to join village festival to continue, so many people from out of this area came to join their festival. Both built relationship with the school education to leave the intangible cultural asset to future generations. In Bali and Laos it is clearly that the transmission of traditional dances has the aim to the promotion of tourism but in Japan it is for the regional development entirely.