Postsynaptic receptor plasticity and transsynaptic communication in storage of memory components in the mushroom bodies

记忆通常代表多方面的体验，个别部分很可能被表示为平行的痕迹。在果蝇中，众所周知，一般情况下，差异嗅觉条件反射范式会引起在蘑菇体(MBS)水平上存储为突触变化的记忆。虽然可以想象，差异条件作用将导致个体独立的记忆，从而产生代表奖赏或惩罚的存在或缺乏的分子记忆痕迹，但这些单独的方面是如何以及在哪里存储的仍不清楚。这一建议建立在(1)我们之前的工作确定了两个不同的MB输出区块，涉及食欲或厌恶记忆存储，以及(2)我们最近发现的突触后可塑性存在于食欲记忆背景下的突触前机制旁边。我们将提出这样的假设，即每个MB输出隔室都可以存储厌恶和渴望的痕迹，通过利用突触后隔间和突触前隔间来包含例如代表奖赏的存在和不存在的信息。使用绝对条件结合我们在过去几年开发的体内功能和受体成像方案，我们将在厌恶和欲望记忆的背景下研究突触后受体可塑性的机制。我们将通过定向干预突触后受体或突触前蛋白复合体，进一步研究记忆形成过程中潜在的跨突触相互作用。

Memories typically represent multifaceted experiences, with individual components likely represented as parallel traces. In Drosophila, it is well established that, in general, differential olfactory conditioning paradigms give rise to memories stored as synaptic changes at the level of the mushroom bodies (MBs). While it is conceivable that differential conditioning will give rise to individual separate memories, and consequently molecular memory traces representing the presence of a reward or a punishment or the absence of either, how and where these individual facets are stored remains unclear. This proposal builds on (1) our previous work identifying two distinct MB output compartments involved in either appetitive or aversive memory storage and (2) our recent discovery of postsynaptic plasticity that exists next to presynaptic mechanisms in the context of appetitive memories. We will address the hypothesis that each MB output compartment can store both, an aversive and an appetitive trace, by utilizing the postsynaptic alongside the presynaptic compartment, to encompass information for instance representing the presence and the absence of a reward. Using absolute conditioning in combination with in vivo functional and receptor imaging protocols that we developed over the last years, we will address mechanisms of postsynaptic receptor plasticity in the context of aversive and appetitive memories. We will further investigate potential transsynaptic interplay during memory formation by targeted intervention of postsynaptic receptors or the presynaptic protein composite.