Sasanian-era rural communities. Case studies in the Shahrizor-plain (Iraqi-Kurdistan)

该项目的目的是在一个狭窄的地理框架内（3 - 7世纪）对迄今为止很少研究的萨珊时期农村社区的物质文化进行考古研究。该项目主要侧重于对伊拉克库尔德自治区Shahrizor平原上两个不同特征的邻近遗址进行考古调查。这些是卡拉赫的一个简单的村庄和一个早期的基督教修道院，以及哈萨克的一个小防御工事。在与各专家跨学科合作的基础上，该项目的成果将被整合到该地区萨珊王朝时期农村聚落的整体图景中。该项目本身分为三个层面：在微观层面上，将根据喀山和卡拉赫两个遗址的考古发掘，调查不同类型农村聚落的物质文化。应强调遗址的小范围，因为这将有可能揭示各自遗址的代表性区域。这将有助于在现有的内部定居分析理论模型的基础上重构内部组织和经济。对陶器、骨骼和植物遗骸的科学分析是研究的组成部分，例如，为了重建环境、饮食习惯或陶器产品的产地。在中等水平上，研究结果被整合到Shahrizor平原和Zagros山前地区直接邻近的山谷环境中。特别重要的是与Shahrizor调查项目的联系。该项目中挖掘的分层材料将使我们能够更详细地解释沙赫里佐平原上萨珊人的定居模式。反过来，这将使我们能够更精确地确定卡拉赫和卡扎乌在当地定居点网络的总体背景下的重要性。在超区域一级，一方面，将建立与邻近地区- -美索不达米亚北部和伊朗西部- -的联系，以便确定这个项目的成果在多大程度上也可以转移到这些地区的农村地区。另一方面，将与较大城市的考古资料进行比较，例如Veh Ardashir/Ktesiphon， Merv, Qasr-i Abu Nasr，以便对农村社区的物质文化和日常生活与萨珊帝国较大中心的差异有多大进行概述。在宏观层面上，来自古代晚期和随后的早期伊斯兰时期（在较小程度上）的文本来源的整合也发挥了重要作用。文本来源的整合主要是与莱布尼茨科学园区“东西方之间的拜占庭”（美因茨/法兰克福）和Dietmar Winkler（萨尔茨堡）合作进行的。

The aim of the project is an archaeological study of the hitherto rarely studied material culture of rural communities of the Sasanian period within a narrowly defined geographical framework (3rd–7th century). The project focuses primarily on an archaeological investigation of two neighbouring sites of different character in the Shahrizor plain in the Kurdish autonomous region of Iraq. These are a simple village in Qalrakh and an early Christian monastery as well as a small fortification in Kazhaw. On basis of interdisciplinary cooperation with various specialists the results of the project are to be integrated into the overall picture of rural settlements in the region during the Sasanian period The project itself is divided into three levels: On the micro-level, the material culture of different types of rural settlements will be investigated on basis of archaeological excavations at the two sites od Kazhaw and Qalrakh. The small extent of the sites should be emphasised, since it will be possible to uncover a representative area of the respective site. This will aid to reconstruct the internal organisation and economy on basis of established, theoretical models for internal settlement analysis. The scientific analyses of pottery, bones and botanical remains form integral parts of the research, e.g. for the purpose of reconstructing the environment, dietary habits or the locality of pottery products.On the middle-range level, the results are integrated into the environment of the Shahrizor plain and directly adjacent valleys of the Zagros piedmont area. Of particular importance is the connection to the Shahrizor Survey Project. The stratified material from the excavations targeted in this project will allow a more detailed interpretation of the Sasanian settlement patterns in the Shahrizor Plain. In turn, this will allow for a more precise determination of the significance of Qalrakh and Kazhaw in the overall context of the local settlement network.On the supra-regional level, on the one hand, the connection to neighbouring regions – Northern Mesopotamia and Western Iran – will be established in order to determine to what extent the results of this project can also be transferred to rural sites located there. On the other hand, a comparison with the archaeological material of larger cities – e.g. Veh Ardashir/Ktesiphon, Merv, Qasr-i Abu Nasr – will take place in order to give an outlook to what extent material culture and daily life in rural communities differed from larger centres of the Sasanian empire. On the macro level also the integration of textual sources from the late antique and – to a lesser extent – subsequent early Islamic period plays an important role. The integration of textual sources takes place primarily in cooperation with the Leibniz Science Campus "Byzantium between Orient and Occident" (Mainz/Frankfurt) and Dietmar Winkler (Salzburg).