Study of Equatorial Atmosphere Waves by EAR Long-Term Observations

本研究的目的是在赤道大气雷达(EAR)连续观测的基础上研究赤道大气波。本研究取得的成果如下：1.耳部长期连续观察。对流与季节内变化的关系(ISV)。对流层和平流层之间的大气交换。对流层上部垂直风和卷云的观测。等离子体泡的发生及其大尺度变化。第一，从2001年6月到今天，我们几乎连续地操作EAR进行对流层和低平流层实验。电离层实验是应要求进行的。实验结束后，耳部数据立即被打开。我们维护了EAR站点和京都大学之间的卫星通信线路，用于远程控制和传输站点内所有仪器的数据。对于2，明确了苏门答腊岛积云对流与30-60天ISV之间的相互作用。局地对流活动与ISV活动呈负相关。第三，耳朵实验和气球实验的数据显示，破裂的开尔文波调制了对流层顶高度，可能有助于对流层和平流层之间的空气交换。对于4，我们与EAR、毫米波雷达和激光雷达合作观测了对流层上层的卷云，以澄清其形态，并首次显示了卷云内部的垂直风场。对于5，利用耳部的多波束能力来阐明等离子体泡的时空演化。我们还发现，等离子体气泡呈带状聚集，波长在500-1000公里之间。

Purpose of this study is to investigate equatorial atmospheric waves based on continuous observations with the Equatorial Atmosphere Radar (EAR). Achievements from this study are as follows.1. EAR long-term continuous observations.2. Relationship between convection and intraseasonal variations (ISV).3. Exchange of atmosphere between troposphere and stratosphere.4. Observations of vertical winds and cirrus in the upper troposphere.5. Plasma bubble occurrence and its large-scale variability.For 1, we operated the EAR almost continuously from June 2001 until today, for troposphere and lower-stratosphere experiment. Ionosphere experiments were conducted on request basis. The EAR data were open immediately after the experiment. We maintained satellite communication line between the EAR site and Kyoto University for remote control and data transfer of all instruments in the site. For 2, interaction between cumulus convection over Sumatra and 30-60 day ISV was clarified. Activity of the local convection showed negative correlation to the activity of ISV. For 3, data from the EAR experiment and balloon experiment revealed that breaking Kelvin waves modulate the tropopause altitude and possibly help air exchange between the troposphere and the stratosphere. For 4, we cooperatively observed cirrus in the upper troposphere with the EAR, the millimeter-wave radar and the lidar to clarify its morphology, and for the first time, showed vertical wind fields inside the cirrus. For 5, multibeam capability of the EAR was utilized to elucidate time-space evolution of the plasma bubbles. We also found that the plasma bubbles are zonally clustered with wavelengths of 500-1000 km.