Tsunami Risiken, Vulnerabilität und Resilizenz in der Phang-Nga Provinz, Thailand - Entwicklung einer Methodik zur Risikoermittlung und Risikominderung (Tsunami Risk and Information Tool = TRAIT)

2004年12月26日的特大海啸袭击了泰国安达曼海沿岸，严重破坏了沿海生态系统（海底、珊瑚礁、海滩、沙丘、沿海森林）以及城镇、定居点和旅游胜地。除了许多人不幸丧生外，建筑物、道路、水电供应等维持生命的基础设施遭到破坏或损坏，给该地区造成了巨大的经济损失。然而，并非所有沿海地区都遭受了同样程度的洪水影响，有些地方受到的打击比其他地方更严重。因此，该项目侧重于该区域的以下问题：哪些因素决定了沿海社区在海啸或暴雨洪水中的具体脆弱性？如何利用节省时间的遥感技术在不同尺度上对脆弱性进行定量评估？可以确定哪些复原力因素，（可能）减轻负面影响，使复苏更快？以及：如何在未来发生极端洪水事件时改善风险管理？根据对攀牙省某些社区的生态、经济和社会脆弱性以及海啸复原力的（定量）评估，该项目试图开发一个通用工具（TRAIT），以支持该区域内外极端事件的风险管理。

The mega-tsunami of Dec. 26, 2004 impacted the Andaman Sea coast of Thailand and strongly devastated coastal ecosystems (seabed, coral reefs, beaches, dunes, coastal forests) as well as towns, settlements and tourism resorts. In addition to the tragic loss of many lives, the destruction or damage of life-supporting infrastructure, such as buildings, roads, water & power supply etc. caused high economic losses in the region. However, not all coastal segments suffered the same degree of flood impacts, some localities were hit harder than others. Thus, the project focuses on the following questions for this region: what factors determine the specific vulnerability of coastal communities in case of tsunamis or storm floods? How can vulnerability be quantitatively assessed at various levels of scale, using time-saving remote sensing techniques? What resilience factors can be identified which (may) alleviate negative impacts and allow for a more rapid recovery? And: How can risk management be improved in case of future extreme flooding events? Based on (quantitative) assessments of ecologic, economic and social vulnerability and of tsunami resilience in selected communities of the Phang-Nga Province, the project attempts the development of a generic tool (TRAIT) to support risk management for extreme events in the region and beyond.