Mahmoud El-KhadragyTomb N13.1 of the Nomarch Iti-ibi(-iqer) at Asyutwith collaboration of Ulrike Dubiel and Eva GerversReihe: The Asyut Project 17

在阿斯尤特墓地考古实地研究方面，德国和埃及长期合作的最重要成果之一是2005年在Gebel Asyut al-gharbi石灰岩地块的地质7层发现了N13.1号坟墓，这是在测量地形的调查中发现的。在阿斯尤特参观或工作过的早期旅行者或考古学家都没有提到过这座坟墓。这座位于海拔高度，几乎完全泄漏的岩石坟墓，占地面积约80平方米，是迄今为止唯一可获得的关于迄今为止未知的苏特游牧部落首领伊蒂-伊比（-iqer）的信息来源，他也是整个上埃及第十三部落的将军，Wepwawet的祭司首领和阿努比斯的祭司首领。他的人很可能代表了在第一中间期晚期统治阿斯尤特的著名的游牧家族Khety I（阿斯尤特5号墓）、ti-ibi（3号墓）和Khety II（4号墓）周围的联系，以及稍微年轻一点的游牧家族Mesehti，他的儿子完成了陵墓。后者以他的两个士兵模型（Cairo CG 257-8）和他的两个棺材（Cairo CG 28118-9）而闻名。他的坟墓直到最近才被确认。与同期已知的其他墓葬相比，N13.1墓的所有墙壁和两根柱子的彩色装饰都保存得很好。这些图像细节显示了墓主身后的四排士兵，这是已知最早的私人坟墓中狩猎场景中神话生物的例子之一，也是最早的非王室背景下田野女神塞克特（Sekhet）在猎鸟场景中表演的例子。此外，墓主（在某种程度上是他的妻子）被描绘成从船上鱼叉鱼，并展示了斗牛，手工艺，农业，划船，喂鹤，音乐和舞蹈场景，以及放牧和军事活动。除了陵墓建筑的各种平面图外，该出版物还提供了完整的墙壁装饰和铭文的摄影和绘图文件。在文本部分，详细讨论了所有场景，并首次将已转录成标准象形文字的文本转录，翻译和评论。其中一章强调了象形文字和描绘中颜色的使用，另一章则致力于墓主的历史意义。马哈茂德·哈德拉吉是索哈格大学考古学院埃及学名誉教授。在此之前，他曾担任埃及学系主任和索哈格大学文学院负责教育和本科生事务的副院长。后来，他被任命为卢克索EGOTH旅游与酒店管理高等学院院长。2003年至2014年期间，他作为Asyut项目的现场总监参加了11个季节的现场工作。

One of the most important results of the long-standing German-Egyptian cooperation in archaeological field research in the necropolis of Asyut was the discovery of tomb N13.1 in 2005, on geological level 7 of the limestone massif Gebel Asyut al-gharbi, which took place during a survey to measure the terrain. None of the early travelers or archaeologists who visited or worked at Asyut ever mentioned this tomb.The highly situated, almost completely spilled rock tomb with a floor area of about 80 square meters turned out to be the only source of information available so far on the hitherto unknown Siutian nomarch Iti-ibi(-iqer), who was also general of the entire 13th Upper Egyptian nome, chief of the priests of Wepwawet, and chief of the priests of Anubis. Hisperson represents very probably the connecting link between the well-known nomarch family around Khety I (Asyut Tomb V), Iti-ibi (Tomb III) and Khety II (Tomb IV), who ruled Asyut during the late First Intermediate Period, and the slightly younger nomarch Mesehti, who completed the tomb as his son. The latter is famous for his two soldier models (Cairo CG 257-8) and for his two coffins (Cairo CG 28118-9). His tomb could have been identified again only recently.The colored decoration of all walls and the two pillars of Tomb N13.1 is excellently preserved compared to other known tombs of this period. The iconographic details show four rows of soldiers behind the tomb owner, one of the earliest known examples of a mythical creature in a hunting scene in a private tomb, and the earliest example of the field goddess Sekhet acting in a bird hunting scene in a non-royal context. In addition, the tomb owner (and to some extent his wife) are depicted spearing fish from a boat and are shown viewing bullfighting, craftsmanship, agriculture, boating, crane feeding, music and dance scenes, and cattle herding and military activities.In addition to various plans of the architecture of the tomb, the publication offers complete photographic and drawing documentation of the wall decorations and their inscriptions. In the text section, all scenes are discussed in detail and the texts, which have been transcribed into standard hieroglyphics, are transcribed, translated, and commented on for the first time. One chapter highlights the use of color for hieroglyphs and depictions, and another is devoted to the historical significance of the tomb owner.Mahmoud El-Khadragy is Professor Emeritus of Egyptology, Faculty of Archaeology, Sohag University. Formerly, he was Chair of the Egyptology Department and then a Vice-Dean for Education and Undergraduate Student Affairs, Faculty of Arts, Sohag University. Later he was appointed as Dean of EGOTH Higher Institute for Tourism and Hotel Management, Luxor. He participated as field director of The Asyut Project for eleven seasons of fieldwork between 2003 and 2014.