High Rate Capability Battery Materials via Topochemical Polymerization in Metal-Organic Frameworks

可充电锂离子电池被广泛应用于移动电话、笔记本电脑和混合动力电动汽车，因为与其他形式的便携式电力存储相比，它们具有优越的能量密度。然而，电池技术的进步，特别是在提高功率密度方面，仍然需要取代化石燃料作为汽车的主要能源，并使可再生能源储存得到广泛应用。本研究旨在利用模块化金属有机框架（MOF）和拓扑聚合的概念，创造具有高能量密度和高功率密度的新型锂存储材料。MOF，对苯二甲酸锂，最近被发现可以稳定存储高达300mAh/g的电量——类似于目前的石墨电极——但是，由于电子导电性低，它的速率能力很差，稳定性也很差。为了创造一种结合对苯二甲酸锂和PA优点的材料，将设计一种新的MOF，可以进行拓扑聚合，在存储锂的对苯二甲酸盐单元框架内创建导电PA。此外，软化学合成路线和使用的廉价前驱体材料将在未来的微观和宏观电池技术中具有商业化的吸引力。

Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries are　widely　used　in　mobile　phones,　laptop　computers　and　hybrid　electric　cars,　owing　to　their　superior energy density　compared　to　other　forms　of　portable　electric　energy　storage.　　However,　advances　in　battery　technology, particularly with regards to improving power density, are still required to replace fossil fuels as the primary energy source for cars and enable widespread use for renewable energy storage.This research aims to create new lithium storage materials with high energy density and high power density, using the concepts of modular metal-organic frameworks (MOF) and topotactic polymerization. The MOF, lithium terephthalate, was recently discovered to stably store up to 300mAh/g - similar to current graphitic electrodes - but, owing to low electronic conductivity, it suffers from poor rate capability but poor stability.In order to create a material that combines the benefits of lithium terephthalate and PA, a new MOF will be designed that can undergo topotactic polymerization to create conducting PA within a framework of lithium-storing terephthalate units. Furthermore, the soft chemical synthesis routes and cheap precursor materials used will be attractive for commercialization in future micro- and macro-scale battery technology.