Comprehensive Analysis of the System for the Enforcement of Consumers'Collective Interests of with a View to Realize Fairness in Transactions in the Market

这一项目采用了适当的机制来解决纠纷，并为被企业实体损害的消费者的利益获得赔偿，当每个消费者受到的损害太分散和太小，他/她无法单独采取行动时，但累积的损害很大，足够重要，足以让社会采取一些措施。实体法和程序法领域的法律学者组成的跨学科小组参加了该项目。该项目的成果可概括如下。首先，在消费者的集体利益中，可以确定三种类型：即“组合利益”、“扩散利益”和“社会利益”。第二，根据所涉利益的类型讨论了适当的措施，同时考虑到每种类型的消费者作为个人的利益和公众的利益应受到保护的程度不同。

This project tackled with the appropriate mechanisms to resolve disputes and obtain redress for consumers'interests harmed by business entities, when the harmed interest of each onsumer was too fragmented and small for he/she to take action individually, but the accumulated harm was large and important enough for the society to take some measures. Interdisciplinary groups of legal scholars in the wide fields of substantive law as well as those in procedural law participated in the project.The results of the project may be summarized as follows. First, within the collective interests of consumers, three categories could be identified:i.e.,"combined interests","diffused interests" and "social interests". Second, appropriate measures were discussed in accordance with the types of the interests at issue, taking into account that each type differs in the extent to which the interests of consumers as an individual on one hand, and those of the public on the other, should be protected.