Dental Anthropological Study of the Central American Indian

在牙科领域，从牙科人类学的角度更好地了解牙颌面形态和咬合状况已经成为一种必要。1982年，Monbusho国际科学研究计划利用秘鲁印第安人对蒙古人种进行了先前的研究。1987年，墨西哥实地研究中心以中美洲印第安人为研究对象，进行了进一步的研究。将其形态特征与秘鲁印第安人、日本人和北美白人进行了比较。样本包括210名现代中美洲印第安人和193名古代中美洲印第安人的脑电图、肠镜照相、牙模、照片和口腔检查记录。研究结果总结如下：1。颅面形态：现代中美洲印第安人表现出：(1)面部高度较小，颅底深度较短，下颌比北美白人多。(2)与日本人相比，日本人的眶周结构位置更靠后，面部前高和下颌平面角值更小，与秘鲁印第安人相似。(3)下颌的深度和下巴的突出比古代中美洲印第安人短。牙弓形状和牙齿大小：现代中美洲印第安人的牙弓比北美白人更宽，而与秘鲁印第安人和日本人有着相似的价值。(2)与北美白牙相比，切牙小，前磨牙和臼齿中远端冠径大。这种倾向与秘鲁印第安人相似。(3)古中美洲印第安人的牙冠中-远端直径比古中美洲印第安人小。咬合关系与口腔内疾病：现代中美洲印第安人表现出：(1)70%的人上颌磨牙与下磨牙之间有良好的中、远端关系。(2)龋齿和牙龈炎的发病率高于秘鲁印第安人。少

In the field of Dentistry,it has become a necessity to achieve a better understanding of both the dento-craniofacial morphology and the occlusal conditions from the dental-anthropological point of view. Previous research in this area has been carried out on the Mongoloid, using the Peruvian Indians, by the Monbusho Inter-national Scientific Research Program in 1982. Further research was conducted in 1987 by the Field Research in Mexico,using the Central American Indians as the subject. Their morphological characteristics were compared with those of the Peruvian Indians,the Japanese and the North American White.The sample consisted of cephalograms, pantomograms, dental casts, photos and records of oral examinations which were taken from 210 Modern Central American Indians and 193 Ancient Central American Indians.The findings were summarized as follows:1. Craniofacial morphology:The Modern Central American Indian showed: (1) smaller facial height and shorter depth of the cranial base and … More jaws than those of the North American White. (2)more posterior position of peri-orbital structures, and smaller values of anterior facial height and mandibular plane angle, in comparison with the Japanese, which were similar to the Peruvian Indians. (3)shorter depth of the jaws and prominence of the chin than the Ancient Central American Indians.2. Dental arch form and tooth sizs:The Modern Central American Indian had: (1)more wider dental aeches than the North American White, while sharing similar values with the peruvian Indians and the Japanese. (2)smaller incisors, larger premolars and molars in mesio-distal crown diameter compared with the North American White. This tendency was similar to that of the Peruvian Indians. (3)had smaller teeth in mesio-distal crown diameter than the Ancient Central American Indians.3. Occlusal relationship and intraoral diseases:The Modern Central American Indian showed: (1)good mesio-distal relationship between upper and lower molars in 70 percent of them. (2)higher incidence of dental caries and gingivitis compared with the Peruvian Indians. Less