Perception of sounds with low-frequency tonal components

低频噪声对声音的感知有相当大的影响。声源通常是人造的，例如压缩机、汽车或船舶。能源转换的重要部分，如风力涡轮机或热泵，也会发出这种低频声音。因此，为了评估环境声音的噪声发射，理解听觉系统对声音的低频内容的感知是至关重要的。可听见的低频范围从20 Hz延伸到250 Hz左右。如果声音包含在这个范围内的音调成分，则声音可以被感知为嗡嗡声，隆隆声或隆隆声。这些感觉是特定于低频范围的。嗡嗡声包含低频纯音;如果这种音调的水平随时间变化，则被认为是隆隆声。除了低频成分外，声音是否还包含更高的音调成分，它可以被感知为蓬勃发展。该项目的目的是为嗡嗡声，隆隆声和蓬勃发展的感觉做出主要贡献。为此，测量基本信号类型的特征信号属性的变化对感觉的影响。结果被用来开发这些感觉的模型。长期目标是在模型中模拟嗡嗡声、隆隆声和隆隆声的感觉，对环境声音的烦恼、愉悦或质量进行噪音评估。

Low-frequency noise has a considerable impact on the perception of sounds. The sound sources are often manmade, e.g. compressors, car or ships. Important parts of the energy transition like wind turbines or heat pumps can also emit such low-frequency sounds. Thus, to evaluate the noise emission of environmental sounds, it is crucial to understand the perception of the low-frequency content of a sound by the auditory system. The audible low-frequency range extends from 20 Hz to around 250 Hz. The sound can be perceived as humming, rumbling or booming, if the sound contains tonal components in this range. These sensations are specific to the low-frequency range. A humming sound contains a low-frequency pure tone; if the level of this tone varies over time, it is perceived as rumbling. Does the sound contain, apart from the low frequency component, also higher tonal components it can be perceived as booming. The aim of the project is to characterise main contributions to the sensations humming, rumbling and booming. To this end, the effect of the variation of characteristic signal properties of basic signal types on the sensations is measured. The results are used to develop models of these sensations. The long-term goal is to use simulations of the sensations humming, rumbling and booming in models for noise evaluation of environmental sounds with respect to annoyance, pleasantness or quality.