A Chronometric Analysis of the Cognitive Process in Computational Operations for Diagnosing Arithmetic Thought Development

花在解决问题上的时间将反映认知过程，包括所需的步骤数量、使用的思维策略等。在此假设下，本文采用时间分析法对计算运算进行了研究，并探讨了其在儿童算术思维发展评估中的应用。(a)对加减法的认知加工机制，特别是思维策略，进行了时序性研究，并从心理语言学的角度进行了研究。从而明确了认知策略在关系认知、真假判断、编码、编码转换等方面的本质。(b)假设加减法基本通过计数进行，本研究估计了作为策略的计数方式。为了统计估计，我们建立了“多元回归分析模型”作为一种新的方法。实验验证了该模型的有效性，证实了该模型能够检测到同一主体同时使用的多个模态。到目前为止，这篇文章显然还没有发表。(c)提取算术运算所需的各种处理单元（共90项），根据单元构成对算术任务进行分类，并将其编入“算术思想库”。通过对小学教材和培训学校教材的分析，寻找算法对思维发展的依赖。在此基础上，我们提出了校本儿童算术思维发展测试。

The amount of spending time in problem-solving will reflect the cognitive process at that, including the number of steps required, thought strategies used, and the like. With this assumption, following researches were carried on computational operations using a chronometric analysis, and their application to assessment of arithmetic thought development in children was discussed.(a) The cognitive processing mechanisms in addition and subtraction, especially thought strategies, were investigated chronometrically and also from the psycholinguistic viewpoint. As the result, we clarified the nature of cognitive strategies as for cognition of relation, truth-falth judgment, coding, and transformation of codes, so on.(b) Assuming that addition and subtraction are performed basically by counting, the research estimated counting modes used as strategy. For estimating those statistically we built "Multiple Regression Analysis Model" as a new method. Efficiency of the model was examined experimentally, and it was confirmed that the model can detect plural modes used together by the same subject. That has apparently not been published to date.(c) All sorts of processing units required to arithmetic operation were extracted (90 items in all), and we classified the arithmetic tasks on the basis of constitution of unit, then compiled them to "Database of Arithmetic Thought". The research extended to seeking reliance of arithmetic algorithms on thought development through analyzing textbooks for primary school and those for training school. On grounds of the result we arrived at editting test of arithmetic thought development for school children.