A Proposal for Standarization of Biological Terms to be in use at High School Education

由于近年来生物科学的飞速发展，在高中生物教学中也引入了许多新术语。然而，这些新术语和旧术语或传统术语在生物教科书中的使用是混乱的，这种混乱已经成为高中生物教学中一个非常棘手的问题。我们组织了一个由13名成员组成的项目小组，以评估问题的确切性质，并为目前高中生物教育中混乱的术语提供标准化建议。在第一个项目年，我们从高中学生的生物、生物II和科学I课本中列出了所谓的“疑难词汇”；准备了一份26页的关于生理术语问题的问卷。问卷调查对象为北海道至琉球的28名高中生物合作教师和13名项目组成员。本署共收到41位收件人中的36位的答复。在前一年的问卷调查的基础上，经过讨论，在第二个项目年，我们挑选了469个“麻烦术语”，这些术语被认为是同义使用或术语定义混乱等；我们准备了一份这些“麻烦术语”的清单，并配有解释性的句子，主要侧重于生物学意义相似术语之间的差异或区别。我们为203个拼写和/或语音表示混乱的“麻烦术语”中的每一个提出了一个标准的日语拼写或日语语音表示。

Due to the recent and rapid advance in biological sciences, a lot of new terms have been introduced even at the high school level of biology education. However these new terms and the old or traditional ones are used in disorder in biology textbooks, and this disorder has become a very troublesome problem of high school biology teaching. Our project team of 13 members was organized to assess the precise nature of the problem and to offer a proposal for standardization of the current disordered terms at high school biology education.In the first project year, we listed up so called "trouble terms" from textbooks of Biology, Biology II and Science I for high school pupils; and set up a 26-page questionnaire regarding biological term troubles. The questionnairing was conducted on both 28 cooperative teachers teaching biology at high schools from Hokkaido to Ryukyu and 13 project team members. Replies were received from 36 of the total 41 addressees.After discussions based on the questionnaire survey of the previous year, in the second project year we picked up 469 "trouble terms" which are considered to be used synonymously or to be in disorder of the term definition and so on; and we prepared a list of these "trouble terms" with explanatory sentences focussing mainly on the difference or discrimination among similar terms of biological meanings. We proposed a standard Japanese spelling or a Japanese phonetic representation for the each of 203 "trouble terms" which are in disorder of their spelling and/or phonetic representation.