Localizations of neuropeptides in the brain and regulation of pituitary hormone secretion.

1.缩胆囊素(CCK)和P物质(SP)对垂体激素释放的影响将含有CCK胆固醇的混合物(1：1或5：3)和含有SP和胆固醇的混合物(1：1)植入雄性大鼠的正中隆部。CCK降低血清黄体生成素(LH)浓度，但不降低卵泡刺激素、催乳素和促甲状腺激素(TSH)浓度；SP仅降低血清TSH浓度。将CCK植入腹内侧核或弓状核，对血清黄体生成素浓度无影响。结论：1.CCK抑制促黄体生成素的释放，SP抑制促甲状腺激素的释放，可能是通过抑制促黄体生成素释放激素和促甲状腺激素释放激素从各自正中隆起的轴突终末释放出来的。文昌鱼中枢神经系统神经肽的免疫组织化学研究。观察到对甲硫氨酸脑啡肽、b-内啡肽、精氨酸加压素、催产素、血管紧张素II和鲤鱼尾加压素的抗血清呈免疫反应的神经元。甲硫氨酸脑啡肽免疫反应物质在定位的孢子中密集堆积。在积聚的物质附近经常可以看到小的组织间隙，这表明这种物质可能会释放，并具有内分泌的性质。推测精氨酸加压素免疫反应纤维与Rohde细胞有轴突和轴体接触。中枢神经系统未检测到抗心钠素多肽、促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素和亮氨酸脑啡肽抗血清的免疫反应。鱼脑中的心钠素(ANP)。用人心钠素抗血清用PAP法研究ANP的免疫组织化学定位。虹鱼视顶盖的室管膜层有免疫阳性神经元。他们将轴突延伸到视顶盖的表面。

1. Effects of cholecystokinin(CCK) and substance P(SP) on pituitary hormone Release. A cammula containing a mixture of CCK cholesterol(1:1 or 5:3 by weight) and one containing a mexture of SP and cholesterol(1:1) were implanted into the mediam eminence of male rats. CCK reduced serum luteinizing hormone(LH) but not follicle stimulating hormone, prolactin and thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH) concentrations; SP reduced only serum TSH concentrations. CCK implanted into the ventromedial or arcuate nuclues failed to have any effect on serum LH concentration. It is thus concluded that CCK inhibits the release of LH, and SP inhibits the release of TSH, probably by inhibiting LH-releasing hormone and TSH-releaseing hormone sectetion from their respective axon terminals in the median eminence.2. An immunohistochemical study of neuropeptides in the central nervous system of amphioxus. Neurons with perikarys and/or fibers showing immunoreactions to antisera against Met-enkephalin, b-endorphin, arginine vasopressin, oxytocin, angiotensin II and carp urotensin I were detected. Met-enkiphalin immunoreactive material was found to accumulate densely in the localized spors. small tissue spaces were often seen adjacent to the accumulated material, suggesting possible release and an endoctine nature of this substance. It was surmized that the arginine vasopressin-immunoreactive fibers had axo-axonic and axo-somatic contacts with the Rohde cell. No immunoreactions to antisera against atrial netriuretic polypeptide, corticotropin-releasing hormone and Leu-enkephalin were detected in the central nervous system.3. Atrial natriuretic polypeptide (ANp) in the fish brain. The immunohistochemical localization of ANP was studied by the PAP method using hANP antiserum. immunopositive neurons were found in the ependymal layer of the optic tectum in the rainbow trout. They extended axons toward the surface of the optic tectum.