Study on interactions of Nervous and humoral factors on the regulation of respiratory and cardiovascular systems.

机体的自主神经功能既通过自主神经系统调节，也通过激素等体液因子调节，两者之间存在相互作用。本课题主要研究神经因子和体液因子在呼吸系统和心血管系统调节中的相互作用。实验采用麻醉兔和麻醉犬。通过插入股动脉的导管进行快速出血以刺激压力感受器。连续监测肾交感神经活动、动脉P <O_2>、PC <O_2>及呼吸运动。在快速出血前后的一定时间间隔测量血中儿茶酚胺（肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素）的含量。研究结果如下：1。快速动脉出血引起的动脉压下降在随后的1 ~ 2分钟内不仅通过神经活动的增加，而且通过儿茶酚胺分泌的增加来调节。传入去神经实验表明，大鼠的儿茶酚胺的分泌除了以递质形式增加外，还通过其他机制增加。在动脉快速出血后1 ~ 2 min内，压力感受器刺激引起呼吸运动增加，P <O_2>升高，PC <O_2>降低，抑制自主神经活动。与动脉压下降的幅度相比，自主神经活动的增加较小。这一结果是由于(1)伴随增加的儿茶酚胺含量可能抑制交感神经活动。(2) P <O_2>升高，PC <O_2>降低，使活性降低。(3)本实验中使用的麻醉药对神经系统本身或心血管系统的受体和效应器的抑制作用。在上一个项目年度，采用未麻醉动物进行自主神经功能研究的方法取得了进展。在很长一段时间内（大约一个月），对狗的肾神经活动进行了常规的有意识记录，取得了成功。少

Autonomic functions of the body are regulated both through the autonomic nervous system and humoral factors such as hormons, and there are interactions between them. In this project, the interactions of neuronal and humoral factors was studied on the regulations of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. Anesthetized rabbits and dogs were used in the experiments. Rapid hemorrhage through the catheter inserted into the femoral artery was done for the stimulation of the baroreceptors. Renal sympathetic nerve activities and arterial P <O_2> and PC <O_2> together with respiratory movements were monitored continuously. Catecholamine contents(adrenalin and noradrenalin) in the bood were measured at certain interval of time before and after the rapid hemorrhage.The results of the study are as follows ;1. Arterial pressure drop by the rapid arterial hemorrhage was regulated between 1 and 2 min thereafter not only through the increase in nerve activities but also through the increase in the … More catecholamine secretions. It was suggested by the experiments of the afferent denervation that there was increase in catecholamine secretions through some mechanisms to greater extents other than that as transmitters.2.Stimulations of baroreceptors induced increase in P <O_2> and decreace in PC <O_2> through the increments of respiratory movements and suppressed the autonomic nervous activities during 1 to 2 min after rapid arterial hemorrhage.3. Increase in the autonomic nervous activities was less in comparison to the magnitude of the arterial pressure drop.This result was due to (1) concomittant increase in the catecholamine contents which may inhibit the sympathetic activities. (2) Increased P <O_2> and decreased PC <O_2> which lowered the activites. (3) Inhibitory effects of the anesthetics used in this experiments on the nervous system itself or the receptors and effectors of the cardiovascular systems. Methodological advances were attained in the last project year to use the unanesthetized animals for the study of the autonomic functions. A success of the conscious recording of the renal nerve activities was routinely achieved in the dogs for a long period of time( during about one month). Less