FUNDAMENTAL RESEAECH FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF GENERAL THEORY OF BIOETHICS AND FOR DEVELOPMENT OF IT'S METHODOLOGY

在进行了几次小组讨论后，访问了医学伦理委员会、德岛大学、心脏外科、大阪大学医学院、大阪国立循环器官中心、东京大学医学电子学等与生命伦理有关的研究所，举行了两次大型的生命伦理讨论会。首先，我们在1987年2月开了一个研讨会，主要是哲学家。在此，我们讨论了当前日本生物伦理学可能的新途径。我们肯定了存在两种道德方式，一种是理想主义的，另一种是功利主义的。在日本人的心理结构中，两者仍然是对立的，迫切需要日本人以适当的方式调和两者。第二次论坛于1987年11月举行，与会者包括医学科学家、博物学家，而不是哲学家。本文讨论了脑死亡、健康种植、体外受精、基因操作等具有启发性的问题，也讨论了人类的未来。本研究最大的优点是促成了1988年11月成立了新的生命伦理学术团体“日本生命伦理协会”。该协会由我们课题组的核心成员组织，汇集了300多名跨学科领域的推动者，有望成为生命伦理学研究的中心。

AFTER HAVING CONDUCTED SEVERAL SMALL GROUP DISCUSSION AND AFTER HAVING VISITED SEVERAL INSTITUTES CONCERNING BIOETHICS SUCH AS MEDICAL ETHICS COMMITTEE, TOKUSHIMA UNIVERSITY, HEART SURGERY SECTION, MEDICAL SCHOOL OF OSAKA UNIVERSITY, THE NATIONAL CENTER FOR CIRCULATORY ORGAN AT OSAKA, MEDICAL ELECTORONICS DEPARTMENT OF TOKYO UNIVERSITY, AND OTHERS, WE HAD TWO BIG SYMPOSIA ON BIOETHICS. FIRST, WE HAD A SYMPOSIUM IN FEBRUARY, 1987 MAINLY BY PHILOSOPHERS. HERE, WE DISCUSSED POSSIBLE NEW WAYS OF BIOETHICS IN THE PRESENT JAPAN. AND WE AFFIRMED THAT THERE EXISTED TWO WAYS OF ETHICS, ONE WAS IDEALISTIC AND ANOTHER WAS UTILITARIAN. BOTH ARE STILL ANTAGONISTIC TO EACH OTHER IN JAPANESE MENTAL STRUCTURE, AND IT IS URGENT FOR JAPANESE TO RECONCILE THEM IN A PROPER WAY.THE SECOND FORUM WAS HELD IN NOVEMBER, 1987, IN THE INTERDISCIPIINARY SCALE CONSISTING OF MEDICAL SCIENTISTS, IURISTS, OTHER THAN PHILOSOPHERS. HERE IS DISCUSSED ABOUT RATHER HEURISTIC PROBLEMS SUCH AS THE BRAIN DEATH, HEATH PLANTATION, IN VITRO FERTILIZATION, GENE OPERATIONS AND ALSO ABOUT THE FUTURE OF MANKIND.THE VIGEST MERITS OF THIS STUDY WAS THAT IT RESULTED THE ORGANIZING THE NEW ACADEMIC SOCIETY FOR BIOETHICS "JAPAN ASSOCIATION FOR BIOETHICS" IN NOVEMBER, 1988. THIS ASSOCIATION WAS ORGANIZED BY THE CORE MEMBERS OF OUR RESEACH GROUP, AND COLLECTED MORE THAN 300 PROMOTERS FROM INTERDISCIPLINARY FIELDS, AND IT IS EXPECTED TO BECOME THE CENTER OF THE RESEARCH ON BIOETHICS.