Optimum Distribution of Ultimate Strength of Civil Engineering Structures in Earthquake Resistant Design

本计画提出了几种分析与实验的方法与理论，以发展弹性与延性相结合的二阶段抗震设计。（1）输入地震动的物理特性及其模拟方法：建立了一种基于一致概率的地震动模拟方法。我们还开发了一个简化的程序，估计峰值地面运动的衰减规律，考虑到故障的程度。我们去除了SMAC记录中引起的漂移的影响，以增加在长达10秒的周期范围内校正记录的可靠性。我们还使用卡尔曼滤波器去除了噪声对视相速度的影响。我们制作了一个京都的小区划图，考虑到非线性放大/衰减作用的土层覆盖基岩。高斯光束法 ...更多信息 本文研究了不规则地形中h-体波传播问题。(2)土-结构动力相互作用的评价研究编制了群桩基础系统分析的计算机程序。分析了三维土-结构相互作用系统的动力非线性响应，考虑了土与结构之间的滑移、分离以及材料的非线性。本文对沉箱基础非线性恢复力特性的测试与识别进行了混合研究。本文提出了一种估算土-结构体系最大反应的简单分析方法。(3)考虑结构单元弹塑性破坏过程的土-结构体系地震荷载评估。讨论了耗能减震装置对结构输入地震能量的被动和主动控制效果。提出了一个利用反应谱预测土结构体系最大延性的公式，并对体系的地震安全性进行了优化。(4)埋地管道的抗震性能研究采用等效线性化方法分析了水平层状不规则地基中埋地管道与土体之间的滑移问题。对埋地管道的液化效应进行了实验和分析研究。少

We have proposed several analytical and experimental methods and theories in this project to develop two stage earthquake resistant design which combines the elastic and ductile design methods. Particular attention has been given to the following four topics:(1) Physical characteristics of input earthquake motion and their modeling; A comprehensive method to simulate earthquake motion was developed on a consistent probabilistic basis. We also developed a simplified procedure with which to estimate the attenuation laws of peak ground motions taking into account the fault extent. We removed the effect of the drift induced in SMAC records was developed to increase the reliability of corrected records in the period range up to 10 seconds. We also removed the noise effect from apparent phase velocity using Kalman filter. We made a microzonation map of Kyoto by taking into account the nonlinear amplification /deamplification effects of soil layers overlying bedrock. The Gaussian beam approac … More h to body wave propagation in a ground with irregular profile have been developed.(2) Evaluation of dynamic soil-structure interaction; A computer program hasbeen developed to analyze group pile foundation systems. We analyzed dynamic non-linear responses of 3D soil-structure interaction system taking into account sliding and separation between soil and structures as well as material non-linearity. A hybrid study has been done to measure and identify nonlinear restoring force characteristics of caisson foundation. A simple analytical method to estimate maximum response of soil-structure systems has been developed.(3) Evaluation of seismic load on soil-structure system taking into account elasto-plastic failure process of structural element. The efficiency of passive and active control of input earthquake energy to structure using energy dissipating device was discussed. We proposed a formula to predict maximum ductility of soil structure system using response spectra and to optimize seismec safety of the system.(4) Earthquake resistability of buried pipes; Sliding between soil and pipes buried in horizontally layered and irregular ground was analyzed using equivalent linearization technique. Liquefaction effects for buried pipes were examined experimentally and analytically. Less