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Real-time Disaster Prevention System Taking into Account Information Sharing

兼顾信息共享的实时防灾系统

基本信息

批准号：
10558062
负责人：
TOKI Kenzo
金额：
$ 7.36万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

According to the recent improvements in earthquake measuring system, computer technology, information network system, methods of computer analysis, etc., "real-time control system during seismic disaster" which operates ongoing data to mitigate earthquake damage, has become realistic as a new method of disaster mitigation. To reduce earthquake damage, proper pre-, ongoing, post-earthquake countermeasures are indispensable. Conventionally, data from the earthquake were used for the mitigation of the damage due to the next earthquake. Disaster information just after the earthquake, however, is very important to reduce the damage.After the 1995 Kobe Earthquake, various national and municipal organization in Japan began to develop or strengthen real (or semi-real) time earthquake disaster information system. However, basic databases and methodologies used in such systems still need to be upgraded. Information sharing system between organizations in case of disaster has not been established yet.This research project aims to develop a information sharing system for civil engineering structures by compiling the concerned element technologies and making best use of GIS and Internet. The outcomes of the research project are as follows ;(1) In order to estimate the spatial distribution of ground motion just after an earthquake to provide useful and basic information for real time disaster control, a simple method to determine the deep layered soil model is developed.(2) An immediate detection system for damage to lifeline is proposed.(3) A method of sequential data processing of seismic damage information is presented for rapid and appropriate decision making in post-earthquake emergency management.(4) In order to grasp the damage immediately after an earthquake, a real-time damage estimation system and control system is proposed by using Internet.

根据近年来地震测量系统、计算机技术、信息网络系统、计算机分析方法等方面的进步，“地震灾害实时控制系统”作为一种新的减灾方法，通过对地震灾害数据的实时处理来减轻地震灾害，已经成为现实。为了减少地震灾害，适当的地震前，正在进行的，震后对策是必不可少的。按照惯例，地震的数据被用于减轻下一次地震造成的损失。1995年科比大地震后，日本各国家和市町村机构开始发展或加强真实的（或半真实的）实时地震灾害信息系统。然而，这些系统中使用的基本数据库和方法仍需升级。本研究目的在于透过整合相关技术要素，并充分利用地理资讯系统及网际网路，开发一套土木工程结构灾害资讯共享系统。主要研究成果如下：（1）为了估计震后地震动的空间分布，为真实的时间灾害控制提供有用的基础信息，提出了一种确定深层土体模型的简单方法。(2)提出了一种生命线损伤实时检测系统。(3)为了在震后应急管理中实现快速、合理的决策，提出了一种对震害信息进行时序数据处理的方法。(4)为了及时掌握地震后的灾情，提出了一种利用互联网的实时灾情评估系统和控制系统。