A Study of Water-use Development and Adjustment in the Most Concentrated Areas of Farm Ponds

本研究以日本农业池塘最集中的兵库县板树平原为例，以明治大谷-山田运河和托班灌溉工程为例，探讨实现区域间调水的条件。结果表明：大古山田河调水中，除技术和资金外，下游地区的水权，如作为源头措施的磨坊补偿和灌溉期限的限制，是其实现的决定性因素。Toban灌溉工程的实现被认为是由作为源头措施的Kakogawa堰和东岛大坝的水库补偿决定的。换句话说，该项目是通过整合Kakogawa大堰，将Gokai和Uwabei堰的引水量从25 m^3/s调节到8 m^3/s。但两堰协会只有在采用现代技术、政府资助现有工程费用和运河改善补偿工程的情况下才能同意该工程。最后，如果计划一系列有关的用水条例来协调水权的实际利弊，就可以实现区域间的水转移。

The aim of this study is to define the condition of realizing the interregional water transfer in the case of the Ohgo-Yamada canals in Meiji and Toban Irrigation Project in the Banshu Plain, Hyogo Prefecture, the most concentrated area of farm ponds in Japan.The result follows:Regarding the water transfer from the Ohgo-Yamada River, water right of the lower stream area, such as mill compensation as source measure and restriction of the irrigation term, besides techniques and capital, was a determining factor for its realization.The realiztion of the Toban Irrigation Project is considered to have been determined by the Kakogawa weir as source measure and the reservoir compensation for the Dondo Dam. In other words, this Project consisted in regulating the drawing water quantity of both Gokai and Uwabei weirs from 25 m^3/s to 8 m^3/s by integrating them at the Kakogawa Large Weir. But the associations of both weirs could only agree to the Project When modern techniques, governmental aids to expenses to the present works and compensation works for canal improvement.To conclude, interregional water transfer may be realized if a series of water-use regulations concerned are planned to reconcile the actual advantages and disadvantages regarding water right.